hay fever
Introduction
Introduction to hay fever Algal fever is an acute seasonal episode of allergic rhinitis, usually caused by wind pollen, and spring type is caused by tree pollen (acorn, alfalfa, maple, alfalfa, birch, cottonwood, olive); It is caused by garden grass pollen (dog grass, Timothy grass, lemon grass, orchard grass, Johnson grass) and wild grass pollen (sheep acid grass, English plantain); autumn type is caused by wild grass pollen (ragweed). Seasonal hay thermocouples can be caused by airborne mold spores, so there are significant geographical differences in this disease. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.004%-0.008% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of transmission: airborne Complications: Asthma Cough
Cause
Heat of hay fever
Pollen allergy (80%):
Generally caused by wind pollen, the spring type is caused by tree pollen (acorn, alfalfa, maple, alfalfa, birch, cottonwood, olive); summer type is made of garden grass pollen (dog le grass, tin grass, lemongrass) , orchard grass, Johnson grass) and weed pollen (leopard grass, English plantain); autumn type is caused by weed pollen (ragweed), seasonal hay thermocouple can be caused by airborne mold spores, so this There are significant geographical differences in the disease.
The hay fever type I hypersensitivity disease, when inhaled by pollen, stimulates the body to produce IgE antibodies, which makes the body sensitized. When the body contacts the same antigen again, it will stimulate IgE and mast cells. The IgE receptor on the cell cross-links and stimulates its activation. The activated cell degranulation includes histamine, kininogenase and other biologically active substances, causing allergies in the body.
Prevention
Hay fever prevention
Autoimmunity is a complex, multi-factor effect of natural phenomena, in addition to boundary effects (such as drug haptens, microbial infections), but also closely related to the body's own genetic factors, especially in the main tissue compatibility system. The immune response gene and/or the immunosuppressive gene are abnormal, so the most important aspect of prevention is to avoid contact with allergens.
Complication
Heat of hay fever Complications asthma cough
As the season progresses, cough and asthma can occur concurrently.
Symptom
Humulus fever symptoms Common symptoms Nasal skin itching, runny nose, bronchospasm, nasal congestion and reflex headache
The main clinical manifestations of hay fever are at the peak of pollen, mainly in the spring and summer, frequent nasal itching, paroxysmal sneezing, massive watery nose, nasal congestion, decreased sense of smell, binocular itching, photophobia, burning, tearing, or eyelids. Swelling, sometimes the upper palate and even the external auditory canal and neck skin have an itchy feeling. The symptoms are mainly in the nose and eyes. The symptoms are usually heavier in the morning and evening, or they are exposed to flowers and plants, or suddenly in hot sunlight. Severe cases are accompanied by cough and dyspnea. In addition to this disease, patients with genetic allergies may also suffer from allergic diseases such as food allergy, eczema, and bronchial asthma.
Examine
Hay heat check
According to the physical examination and the increase in eosinophils in the nasal secretions, the skin test can determine the pathogenic pollen. The skin test is a skin test. The skin test is an abbreviation for skin (or intradermal) sensitivity test. Some drugs are prone to allergic reactions during clinical use, such as penicillin, streptomycin, cytochrome C, etc. Common allergic reactions include rash, urticaria, dermatitis, fever, angioedema, asthma, anaphylactic shock, etc. Among them, anaphylactic shock is the most serious and can even lead to death.
Diagnosis
Identification of hay fever
According to the medical history, the nature of the allergic disease and the pollen of the disease can often be prompted. According to the physical examination and the increase of eosinophils in the nasal secretions, the skin test can determine the pathogenic pollen.
Perennial rhinitis This disease is non-seasonal rhinitis, which may or may not be allergic, sometimes complicated by sinusitis, nasal polyps, or sensitive to aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
