Kashin-Beck disease
Introduction
Introduction to Kashin-Beck Disease Kaschin-Beck disease is a kind of endemic deformity osteoarthrosis. It is also called dwarf disease and abacus disease in China. The international medical profession calls this disease Kaschin-Beck disease. Kaschin-Beck disease is mainly distributed in eastern Siberia and northern Korea. It is widely distributed in China, and it has been reported in vast areas from northeast to southwest. It mainly occurs in the provinces of Hei, Ji, Liao, Shaanxi and Jin, and is mostly distributed in mountainous areas and semi-mountainous areas. Plains are rare. The disease occurs in all age groups, but it occurs mostly in children and adolescents. Adults rarely develop disease and there is no obvious gender difference. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.00235% Susceptible people: more common in children and adolescents Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: dwarfism, knee varus, osteoarthritis, knee valgus, joint pain
Cause
Cause of Kashin-Beck disease
The cause of arthropathy is still unknown, and it was suspected to be caused by oral chronic poisoning, but it has not been confirmed that most people think that it may be related to pathogenic mold in cereals. Animal experiments have found that: using cereals with pathogenic molds The pathological changes in the bones of the animals are very similar to those of the large joint diseases. The pathogenic mold may be Fusarium, but it is not fully confirmed.
Prevention
Kashin-Beck disease prevention
Strengthening food storage and handling in infected areas, or food reform in infected areas from outside areas, can significantly reduce disease.
Complication
Complications of Kashin-Beck disease Complications dwarf knee varus osteoarthritis knee valgus joint pain
Common complications of this disease are:
1. Short stature, pygmy type.
2. The joints are large, with pain and limited mobility, with the earliest onset of ankle joints, followed by finger joints, knees, elbows, wrists, toe joints and hips.
3. Knee varus, knee valgus or hip varus deformity.
4. Osteoarthritis is very inconvenient to walk.
Symptom
Common symptoms of Kashin-Beck disease Common symptoms refers to (toe) and calf... Increased hip varus bone density increases the knee varus bow upper finger shorter than the forearm, ... bone end enlargement joint swelling hand small square cyst
If the disease occurs in adolescence, due to the early ossification of the epiphyseal plate, the developmental disorder, manifested as a dwarf type, short stature, large joints, and pain and limited mobility, with the earliest incidence of ankle joint, followed by the finger joint, knee , elbow, wrist, toe joint and hip, because of the inconsistent speed of the tarsal plate, the lower extremities often have knee varus, knee valgus or hip varus deformity, short and small fingers, flat feet, younger age, deformity The heavier.
If the disease occurs in the later stage of adolescence, the deformity is not obvious, mainly manifested as symptoms of osteoarthritis, swelling of the joints, a small amount of fluid, a sense of friction during exercise, and sometimes with interlocking symptoms, and sometimes it can be detected that there are free bodies in the joints. Adults have more onset of lower limbs, because of knees, swelling and pain in the knees, and walking is very inconvenient.
X-ray films are very similar to osteoarthritis, with the most serious ankle joint lesions. Early joint gaps are widened, severely irregular, and there are free bodies in the joints. Then the cortical bone density of the articular surface increases, the gap tends to narrow, and the edges of the joints Appearance of obvious bones and lips, often subchondral cystic changes, often squashed from the bone, dense bone, flat shape, like ischemic necrosis, after the scapular joint and the subtalar joint can occur bone and bone, bone The density increases and cysts form under the cartilage. The patellofemoral joints of the knee joint can also be uneven. The edges are many bones, the joints are thick, and there are free bodies in the joints. After a long time, the joints collapse and the hips have similar changes. The femoral head is avascular necrosis and may have a hip varus deformity. On the finger, the joint is thick, the articular surface is uneven, the joint space is narrow, the bone density is increased, and the phalanx is short.
Examine
Kaschin-Beck disease check
Film degree exam
1. The edge of the metaphysis is blurred or uneven, and it is wavy or jagged. If the lesion continues to develop, the edge of the numb end may be fragmented. At this time, the joint has no obvious deformation.
2. It is characterized by the beginning of fusion between the epiphysis and the backbone. The epiphysis begins to fuse from the central part and gradually expands to the edge. The epiphysis itself is also damaged, segmented, irregular, and may be completely absorbed. The metaphysis may be cup-shaped. In the depression, the bone marrow is embedded in it and heals early and stops developing.
3. Cognac is completely integrated, the longitudinal development of the bone stops, and the diseased bone becomes shorter and thicker, because the fusion of the cognac is different sooner or later, so that the phalanx can be uneven, the bone end is wide and deformed, and the joint is coarse.
4. If the young people after the healing of the metaphysis are diagnosed, the clinical symptoms are more common and serious, and the joints are damaged relative to the bone ends, which may affect the entire joint, which is characterized by a large bone joint deformity, which may be accompanied by a short backbone.
5. The series of signs seen in Kaschin-Beck disease are repairs and secondary changes after cartilage necrosis. Only after repairing the tissue, especially the bone shape, can the lesion develop to abate, stabilize or deform.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of Kashin-Beck disease
The occurrence and development of X-ray signs of Kashin-Beck disease have a specific relationship with the age and location of the disease. Therefore, the differential diagnosis should be differentiated from diseases such as chondrodysplasia, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic or degenerative arthritis according to different conditions.
