polymyositis
Introduction
Introduction to polymyositis Polymyositis is an autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness and myalgia. Mainly involved in the limb muscles, neck muscles, throat muscles, such as at the same time involving the skin, called dermatomyositis. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: good for middle-aged women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: heart failure, pleurisy
Cause
Cause of polymyositis
Polymyositis is a group of patients with unclear etiology. The main clinical manifestations are diffuse muscle inflammatory diseases characterized by symmetric proximal extremities, cervical muscles, pharyngeal muscle weakness, muscle tenderness, and increased serum enzymes. Most scholars believe that this disease is associated with autoimmune disorders. Some scholars believe that it is related to viral infection or genetic factors. Mostly subacute onset, can occur at any age, more common in middle age, more women.
Prevention
Polymyositis prevention
Ensure adequate sleep, not too tired and mentally stressed, do not do strenuous activities, according to the condition and diagnosis and treatment needs regular follow-up examination, in order to timely understand the changes in the condition, and adjust the drug according to the doctor's advice, the condition is stable or after stopping the drug, it should also be in the annual Review each spring and autumn to prevent problems.
Complication
Polymyositis complications Complications, heart failure, pleurisy
The prognosis of this disease is poor. The mortality rate is 14-50% in foreign countries and 9-36% in domestic. The elderly are frail, relapse, swallowing, dyspnea, lung infection and malignant tumors have a worse prognosis.
Symptom
Multiple myotitis symptoms Common symptoms Delta muscle pain Anti-Jo-1 antibody positive tachycardia Muscle fake hypertrophy Muscle tenderness Myalgia Inability edema
More common in women aged 20-40, some patients may have a history of infection before the disease, with symmetrical limb proximal muscle weakness, pain and tenderness, which may involve the pharyngeal muscles, respiratory muscles and cervical muscles, and muscle atrophy in the late stage. Some have skin or visceral damage, or have malignant tumors.
Examine
Examination of polymyositis
1. Serum CPK, LDH, GOT increased, serum myoglobin content increased significantly, serum protein electrophoresis , r globulin and serum IgG, IgA, IgM increased, more than half of patients with rapid blood sedimentation.
2. 24-hour creatinine excretion in urine can be significantly increased, >1000mg / 24 hours, and is related to the severity of the disease.
3. Electromyography: the insertion potential is prolonged, and there may be muscle strong and straight discharge activity. When the light contraction, the average amplitude of the motor unit potential is reduced, the time limit is shortened, and there may be a large number of fibrillation waves, multiphase waves increase, and low amplitude interference occurs during heavy contraction. Phase or pathological interference phase.
4. Muscle biopsy: showing degeneration, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, muscle fiber swelling, glass-like, granular or vacuolization, interstitial edema, infiltration of perivascular lymphocytes and plasma cells.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of polymyositis
Need to be differentiated from muscular dystrophy, thyroid dysfunction, systemic lupus erythematosus.
