surgical lymphangioma
Introduction
Introduction to surgical lymphangioma Lymphatic vessel hyperplasia (lymph-vesseltumor) is a benign tumor composed mainly of lumens arranged by endothelial cells, which are filled with lymph. Due to different tissue structure, it is clinically divided into three types: capillary lymphangioma, sponge-like lymphangioma and cystic lymphangioma. The incidence of children is more common. According to clinical observations, the authors have found that adult onset is also common, and tumor growth is slow, and self-reduction is extremely rare. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: sepsis
Cause
Causes of surgical lymphangioma
The cause is unknown, caused by multiple factors, such as genetic susceptibility, geographical environment factors and endocrine affecting the occurrence of the disease, and the virus infection and its own immune function defects are also related to the disease.
Prevention
Surgical lymphangioma prevention
Lymphangioma may have a natural regression. It is small, limited, and does not affect the function. It can be observed for 1-2 years. The lesions are extensive but affect the function (such as breathing, swallowing, etc.) and can be observed. If the observation does not subside or increase, you can go to a hospital with better conditions and ask a professional doctor to treat it. It is best to take injection treatment for treatment. If you meet the indications for surgery, you should go to the hospital for surgery as soon as possible to avoid serious consequences.
Complication
Surgical lymphangioma complications Complications sepsis
Complications of cavernous lymphangioma:
Usually multi-atrial, tension subcutaneous tissue mass, but can not be compressed, mostly occurs in the neck, especially in the posterior triangle of the neck, occasionally occurs in the sputum, groin and retroperitoneal area, usually progressively increased, swelling expansion However, it can be unchanged, and a small number of cases can naturally subside. The origin of the posterior triangle of the neck has a cheek, the development of the sub-gland region, or the mediastinum. In the front triangle, it tends to invade the tongue and At the bottom of the mouth, if there is infection and bleeding, the tumor can be rapidly enlarged, resulting in respiratory disorders, wheezing, difficulty in pharyngeal or death, secondary infections often followed by upper respiratory tract infection, and finally sepsis, lymphangioma is generally not Will subside on its own, usually continue to grow and expand.
Symptom
Surgical lymphangioma symptoms Common symptoms Secondary infection of lymphatic deposits Oral blood bubble Respiratory obstruction of tongue inflammation
Most of them are born at birth or within 1 year old, but there are also late-onset or senile onset. Although clinically, they can be divided into the above three types, but they are often mixed. Therefore, some people think that the lesions are basically the same and do not need to be reclassified. Sponge-like and cystic people need to be distinguished. Because the two treatments are different, they are described as follows:
(1) Simple lymphangioma is characterized by clustering, deep, tension blisters, which are patchy and can occur in various parts of the body, but are common in the neck, upper chest, proximal limbs, etc., and the size of a single blisters is 1 ~3mm, generally no more than 1cm, the content is like mucus, sometimes with bloody blisters, lavender and dark red, the subcutaneous tissue under the blisters has mild diffuse edema, occasionally the whole limb is swollen, some blister even top skin It can have a scorpion-like appearance. If the serous fluid flows out after breaking, the range of damage varies greatly. It can also occur above the cavernous lymphangioma, especially in the tongue. Sometimes cellulitis occurs, which can temporarily make the tumor temporarily. Increase, if it occurs in the tongue, tongue inflammation occurs, especially in the upper respiratory tract infection.
(2) Spongiform lymphangioma This is the most common type of lymphangioma, which can be small, but it can be very large, even invading a limb. The lesion is unclear, and the cavernous subcutaneous tissue is diffuse or diffuse. Sexual swelling, soft, hardness, such as lipoma, unless accompanied by hemangioma, generally no color change on the surface, according to statistics, 52% of the damage violated the head and neck, 30% in the lower limbs, 16% in the arms and ankle, 20% In the trunk, most of the buccal and tongue are simple cavernous lymphangioma, and the neck, ankle, the bottom of the mouth and the mediastinum are more common.
Lymphangioma is not harmless to the human body. It can grow up to cause deformity and even death. If it invades the tongue, it can be too large to accommodate the mouth, so that the tip of the tongue can only protrude beyond the mouth, and the teeth and mandible move horizontally. The mouth can not be closed, such as periodic infection, ulcer, swelling, and the result of fibrosis and further enlarge the tumor, such as occurs in the head and neck, invading the bottom of the mouth, trachea or mediastinum, can cause airway obstruction and death, secondary infection, especially It is the damage of the upper respiratory tract, which can increase the damage and threaten life.
(C) cystic lymphangioma usually multi-atrial, tension subcutaneous tissue mass, but can not be compressed, mostly in the neck, especially the posterior triangle, occasionally occurred in the sputum, groin and retroperitoneal area, usually Progressive enlargement, expansion, but also can not change large, a small number of cases can also naturally subside, originated in the posterior triangle of the neck has a cheek, the development of the sub-gland region, or the mediastinum, in the front triangle , it tends to invade the tongue and the bottom of the mouth. If there is infection and bleeding, the tumor can be rapidly enlarged, resulting in breathing disorder, wheezing, difficulty in tongue or throat, or death. Secondary infection is often accompanied by upper respiratory tract infection. Causes sepsis.
Lymphangiomas generally do not subside on their own and usually continue to grow and expand.
Examine
Surgical lymphangioma examination
1. Simple lymphangioma, clinically characterized, can be diagnosed, the other two types need to be pathologically examined.
2. Light transmission test: Positive diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma is helpful.
3. Diagnostic puncture: extract clear and slightly yellow lymph.
4. B ultrasound, CT shows cystic mass, and can understand the relationship between lymphangioma and surrounding tissue.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of surgical lymphangioma
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
Identification with lymphangioma, according to the following points:
1. General lymphangioma is basically diagnosed according to the main symptoms and signs.
2. B-ultrasound can determine tumor size, extent, nature and relationship with surrounding tissues.
3. Neck, supraclavicular, axillary lymphangioma should be X-ray to understand the relationship between tumor bronchus and mediastinum.
4. It is feasible to diagnose CT and MRI in deep and visceral lymphangioma, and to understand its relationship with surrounding tissues.
5. For the abdominal cavity, digestive tract lymphoma is feasible gastrointestinal tract barium meal, endoscopy, laparoscopy.
6. Diagnosis of vertebral puncture can be differentiated from hemangioma.
