pituitary dwarfism
Introduction
Introduction to pituitary dwarf disease Pituitary dwarfism refers to growth and development disorders caused by growth hormone deficiency in the anterior pituitary. Clinically divided into idiopathic and secondary, the former is more, accounting for 60-70% of all pituitary dwarfism, the latter due to hypothalamic-pituitary organic lesions, mainly craniopharyngioma , pineal tumors, etc. The incidence of dwarfism in foreign countries is 1/5000, and no statistical data has been found in China. The only effective treatment for this disease is the replacement of human growth hormone (hGH). basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: diarrhea
Cause
Cause of pituitary dwarf disease
Cause:
Clinically divided into idiopathic and secondary, the former is more, accounting for 60-70% of all pituitary dwarfism, the latter due to hypothalamic-pituitary organic lesions, mainly craniopharyngioma , pineal tumors, etc.
Prevention
Pituitary short disease prevention
The prevention and treatment of pituitary dwarfism is mainly based on the primary disease. Here, the prevention and treatment of cretinism is mainly introduced. The iodine salt should be supplied to the epidemic area of goiter, which can reduce the incidence. For women with goiter, especially during pregnancy. Iodine-containing food.
Complication
Pituitary shortcomings complications Complications, diarrhea
Infection, trauma, severe vomiting, diarrhea and other stress, and even pituitary crisis.
Symptom
Pituitary short stature symptoms Common symptoms Uterine small adult appearance is still like children vulva childish growth hormone secretion too little no beard tone like children without hair
1. Growth disorders:
After one or two years of birth, the growth gradually slows down. The body is short and well-proportioned. The appearance after adulthood is still like children. There are many subcutaneous fats and muscles underdeveloped. The bones are mature, the bone age is younger, and the intelligence is equal to age.
2. Sexual developmental disorders:
Male penis is small, cryptorchidism, no beard, tone like a child, women without menstruation, breasts are not developed, uterus is small, vulva is childish, no mane.
Examine
Examination of pituitary dwarf disease
an examination
1, X-ray examination of bone age childish.
2. Serum growth hormone levels are reduced.
3. Insulin hypoglycemia test, arginine load test did not respond.
4. Except for Turner syndrome, thyroid pygmy, chondrodysplasia, constitutional growth retardation or delayed puberty.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of pituitary dwarf disease
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
It should be combined with clinical symptoms, signs, physical and chemical tests and Turner syndrome, thyroid pygmy, dysplasia, constitutional growth retardation or delayed puberty, in addition to the parasitic infectious dwarfism:
1. Schistosoma japonicum
Schistosomiasis is widespread in China and has serious harm. It has been controlled in some areas. According to previous survey data, the schistosomiasis epidemic is serious in one area, the infection rate is high, the infection is heavy, and the incidence of schistosomiasis is high. .
In the early days of liberation, Huang Mingxin et al (1956) investigated three villages in the schistosomiasis endemic area of Qiansheng Township, Qingpu County, Shanghai, with a total of 623 people. The local schistosomiasis infection rate was 98%. After excluding other relevant factors, the cause was found. There are 25 dwarfism caused by schistosomiasis, accounting for 4% of the total population. In Yushan County, Jiangxi Province, where schistosomiasis is seriously endemic, 25% of schistosomiasis patients admitted to hospital are dwarfism patients, 1958 When large-scale treatment of schistosomiasis patients, the reported Confucian disease accounted for about 1.5% of the general schistosomiasis patients, 5.8% to 8.1% of the advanced schistosomiasis patients, and 2 male to female patients with schistosomiasis dwarfism: 1, most of the age is 16-20 years old, some are 30 years old, pygmy patients over 35 years old are less common, may be more than a disease.
2. Clonorchis sinensis
Because people eat unfamiliar fish, shrimp mistakenly infects the worm sac into the body and infects them. The adult parasitic in the human bile duct can cause obstructive jaundice, biliary tract inflammation; cholelithiasis, hepatomegaly, liver parenchymal atrophy and Symptoms such as cirrhosis, severe pediatric patients may have growth dysplasia and dwarfism, clonorchiasis is more common in China, is scattered in the epidemic, according to the investigation, infection of 1000 adult cases is not uncommon, Zhu Shizhen et al (1981) In Guangdong, 2,214 patients with this disease were found, and 32 of them were found to have dwarfism. The dwarfism caused by infection with Clonorchis sinensis was 1.44%. The Henan Provincial Health and Epidemic Prevention Station (1974) surveyed 108 people in Huaiyang County of the province. In the patients with clonorchiasis, 7 of them were growth and development disorders, accounting for 6.48%. In 1976, they also treated 137 patients with this disease in Shenqiu County, including 23 people with growth and development disorders, accounting for 16.8%. Gao, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases (1975) found 93 cases of patients under the age of 15 in Dong'e County, 21 cases had obvious growth and development; in a survey in Linyi County, 92 cases were found In patients with septic worms, 3 cases were severely ill Developmental disorders, in which patients Hou Hou nest brigade ××, M, 26 years old, height only 120cm, typical of dwarfism patients.
3, hookworm, malaria parasite, ginger worm, kala-azar, protozoan, etc.
According to the literature, severe infections of these parasites can also cause children's growth and development to be blocked, and a few have dwarfism.
