peripheral neuropathy
Introduction
Introduction to peripheral nerve lesions Peripheral neuropathy is divided into two categories: neuralgia and neurological disorders. Common peripheral neuropathy lesions include trigeminal neuralgia, idiopathic facial neuritis, polyneuritis (peripheral neuritis), acute infectious polyneuritis. Brachial plexus injury, ulnar nerve injury, radial nerve injury, median nerve injury, radial nerve injury, common peroneal nerve injury, lateral femoral cutaneous neuritis, sciatica, intercostal neuralgia, etc. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0025% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: congenital bladder neck contracture
Cause
Causes of peripheral neuropathy
Cause:
Neuralgia refers to severe pain in the affected sensory nerve distribution area, but no significant changes in nerve conduction function and neurotransmitters, such as trigeminal neuralgia.
Neurological diseases generally refer to a group of diseases and injuries caused by inflammation, poisoning, ischemia, nutritional deficiencies, metabolic disorders, trauma, etc. in certain parts of the peripheral nerves. Those who are inflammatory in nature are used to be called neuritis.
Prevention
Peripheral neuropathy prevention
1. Puffy: can be used to raise the affected limb, elastic bandage compression, limb massage and passive exercise, hot compress, warm water bath, wax bath, infrared, electro-optic bath and ultrashort wave, short wave or microwave to improve local blood circulation and promote tissue edema Or the absorption of fluid.
2. Collapse: Prevention is extremely important. In addition to the method of preventing edema, the affected limbs and joints should be kept in a functional position, and a triangle towel, a splint, a plaster cast or other brace can be used for fixing or supporting, and care should be taken to avoid compression of the sensory loss site. So as not to cause new damage.
3. Secondary trauma: Once a trauma occurs, it is difficult to treat because the wound often has a nutritional disorder. Always keep clean and protect the parts that have lost their feelings. The wound can be treated by ultrashort wave, microwave, ultraviolet light, laser, etc. to promote wound healing.
Complication
Peripheral neuropathy complications Complications congenital bladder neck contracture
Easy to have edema, contracture and secondary trauma.
Symptom
Peripheral neuropathy symptoms Common symptoms Muscular atrophy Sensory disturbance Hypersensitivity Muscle strength Increased muscle tone Reduced Reflex disappeared Autonomic dysfunction Ear vestibular function impaired
The main clinical manifestations of peripheral nerve inflammation and injury are:
1. Movement disorders: flaccid paralysis, decreased muscle tone, muscle atrophy;
2. Sensory disturbance: local numbness, burning pain, stinging, feeling allergic, lack of physical sense, etc.;
3. Reflex barrier: reflexes weaken or disappear;
4. Autonomic dysfunction: local skin radiance, redness or cyanosis, no sweat, less sweat or sweating, finger (toe) nails rough and brittle.
After the peripheral nerve injury, edema, contracture and other complications often occur, should be prevented.
Examine
Peripheral nerve lesion examination
After the peripheral nerve lesions, in addition to careful and comprehensive collection of medical history, full physical examination, there should be functional examination and assessment to understand the extent of peripheral nerve lesions, make prognosis, determine rehabilitation goals, develop rehabilitation plans, assessment Rehabilitation effects, etc. Blood routine, urine routine, biochemical full, electromyography. According to the history of trauma, clinical symptoms and examination, the location, nature and extent of nerve damage are judged.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of peripheral nerve lesions
diagnosis
After the peripheral nerve lesions, in addition to careful and comprehensive collection of medical history, full physical examination, there should be functional examination and assessment to understand the extent of peripheral nerve lesions, to make a prognosis. Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
And single nerve damage, multiple nerve damage identification.
