peripheral neuritis
Introduction
Introduction to peripheral neuritis Peripheral neuritis is a general term for multiple peripheral nerve damage caused by a variety of causes, manifested as distal symmetry of the limbs, motor and autonomic dysfunction, so it is also known as polyneuritis or multiple peripheral neuritis. Symmetrical sensation with distal limbs, motor and autonomic dysfunction, and often lower limbs. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications:
Cause
Cause of peripheral neuritis
Poisoning, nutritional metabolic disorders and allergies (25%):
Such as lead, arsenic and other heavy metals, nitrofurazone, isoniazid, phenytoin and other drugs and organic phosphorus pesticides and other organic compounds. Such as diabetes, uremia, pregnancy and so on. Such as serum treatment or neuritis after vaccination.
Infection (15%):
Often accompanied or secondary to various acute and chronic infections, such as dysentery, infectious hepatitis, etc., a small number may be caused by direct invasion of peripheral nerves by pathogens, such as leprosy.
Other (10%):
Such as connective tissue diseases, hereditary diseases such as hereditary ataxia peripheral neuritis, hereditary sensory nerve root neuropathy, etc. In addition, various body cancers can also cause polyneuritis.
In addition to a few causes (such as leprosy) caused by inflammatory changes in the peripheral nerves, pathological changes are mainly segmental demyelinating changes and axonal changes in the peripheral nerves, or both, a few cases may be associated with neuromuscular The connection point changes.
Prevention
Peripheral neuritis prevention
It should be based on prevention, such as strengthening labor protection, preventing metal and pesticide poisoning, and using furan drugs as little as possible (if you need to take it, you can also take vitamin B drugs).
Complication
Peripheral neuritis complications Complications
Most cases had only mild dyskinesia or paresthesia, and the condition gradually stopped developing. It recovered after 2 to 3 weeks. In a few cases, the condition developed rapidly. The early cranial nerves were affected, the extremities were paralyzed, and dyspnea and tachycardia occurred.
Symptom
Symptoms of peripheral neuropathy Common symptoms Deep sensory disorder Hypersensitivity Feelings Over-threshold gait Muscle tremor Reflexes disappeared Limbs cold cold cyanosis Diarrhea
Symmetrical sensation with distal limbs, motor and autonomic dysfunction, and often lower limbs.
First, the sensory disorder: often refers to the (or toe) end of the burning, pain, numbness and other abnormal feelings or hypersensitivity, etc., gradually appearing feelings of decline or even disappear, the distribution is in the form of gloves or socks, a small number of patients may have deep sensory disorders, gastrocnemius There is often tenderness at the place.
Second, movement disorders: muscle strength, muscle tension is low, tendon reflexes weakened or disappeared, individual causes (such as nitrofurazone) caused by reflexes can be active, long-term disease may have muscle atrophy.
Third, autonomic dysfunction: the skin of the extremities is cold, pale, flushed or mildly bun, less sweat or sweaty, the skin is thinner and tenderer or rougher, and the nails lose normal luster and enhance keratinization.
Examine
Peripheral neuritis examination
1. Laboratory examination has auxiliary significance for clinical diagnosis.
2, myoelectric.
3. Imaging examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of peripheral neuritis
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be performed based on clinical performance and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
1, erythema limb pain: due to vasomotor dysfunction caused by paroxysmal small blood vessels paroxysmal expansion caused by the disease, more common in both lower extremities, manifested as severe pain in the extremities, local skin temperature increased, redness, sweating Or mild depression edema, the pain of the limbs immersed in cold water during the attack can be alleviated or relieved, and the vasodilatation after heating can aggravate the symptoms.
2, Raynaud's disease: the disease due to intermittent small blood vessels of the extremity caused by intermittent contraction or spasm caused by ischemia, the upper limbs more common manifestations of bilateral fingers pale, cold, numb, burning sensation, but also due to secondary capillary The blood vessels are dilated and blue-purple. In the late stage, the hair can be cyanotic and ulcerated. In cold, the symptoms can be aggravated by vasoconstriction.
3, numbness of rickets: often caused by mental factors, limb numbness, duration varies, and other rickets symptoms, sputum reflexes are more active, the range of sensory dysfunction often exceeds the elbow, knee joint, or boundary changes .
