sleeping pill poisoning
Introduction
Introduction to sleeping pills poisoning Hypnotic poisoning is a series of central nervous system hypersuppression caused by overdose of sleeping pills, manifested as lethargy, emotional instability, inattention, memory loss, ataxia, ambiguous pronunciation, gait instability, Ocular tremor, ataxia, and significant respiratory depression. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 10% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: narcolepsy
Cause
The cause of sleeping pills poisoning
Mistaken (10%):
Ingestion of sleeping pills for misuse or other reasons. In recent years, the central nervous system inhibition of benzodiazepines has been studied. It is believed that the action of these drugs is related to the enhancement of the function of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) nerves. Considering the benzodiazepine receptor in the synaptic membrane a GABA receptor, a macromolecular complex composed of a chloride channel, which, when combined with a benzodiazepine receptor, enhances the affinity of GABA to its receptor for a chloride ion channel coupled to the GABA receptor. Open and enhance the post-synaptic inhibition of GABA.
Or other reasons (90%):
Intentional suicide or overdose causes poisoning. Suicide refers to the behavior of an individual who deliberately or voluntarily adopts various means to end his or her life under the influence of complex psychological activities. Suicide as a complex social phenomenon, scholars have different views on its classification.Prevention
Sleeping drug poisoning prevention
For people with emotional instability and mental disorders, to prevent drug dependence, people who take large amounts of sleeping pills for a long time, including epilepsy patients who take phenobarbital for a long time, cannot stop the drug suddenly, and should gradually reduce the dose and stop the drug. Once a large number of people take or mistakenly take sleeping pills and analgesics, they may experience symptoms such as drowsiness, superficial breathing, narrow pupils, rapid pulse and weak poisoning. In severe cases, they may die due to paralysis of the respiratory center. In order to prevent hypnosis drug poisoning, the following precautions should be taken:
1, usually do a good job of sleeping pills and analgesics, to prevent accidental or accidental, to avoid the occurrence of poisoning accidents.
2. Once someone is found to be poisoned, they should be promptly sent to the hospital for treatment.
Complication
Sleeping drug poisoning complications Complications, narcolepsy
In severe cases, blood cell suppression and liver and kidney damage may occur.
Symptom
Symptoms of sleeping pills poisoning Common symptoms Respiratory rate slows down and regular circulatory failure Nausea coma Eye tremor Breathing difficulty Ataxia Memory disappears Light reaction disappears convulsions
1, nervous system symptoms: dizziness, memory loss, lethargy, ataxia, loss of consciousness, sputum reflex disappeared, severe coma, convulsions, pupil dilation, the light response disappeared.
2, breathing, the initial respiratory rate of the circulatory system slows down and rules, then the breathing slows and irregulars, severe breathing difficulties, cyanosis, pulse acceleration, blood pressure drop, oliguria, circulatory failure.
3, the skin can be seen with rash, nausea, vomiting, constipation.
4. The sleeping pills are ingested at one time, and patients who have not been found for a long time may cause death.
Can be divided into three degrees:
1. Mild poisoning: lethargy, judgment and orientation disorder, gait instability, unclear speech, nystagmus, various reflexes, body temperature, pulse, breathing, normal blood pressure.
2, moderate poisoning: shallow coma, with strong stimulation can wake up, can not answer questions, and soon into a coma, sputum reflexes disappear, shallow and slow breathing, blood pressure is still normal, corneal reflex, pharyngeal reflex exists.
3, severe poisoning: deep coma, early limb muscle tension, hyperreflexia, pathological reflex positive, late body muscle relaxation, various reflexes disappear, pupils react to light, pupils sometimes diffuse, sometimes shrink, shallow and slow breathing Irregular or tidal breathing, rapid pulse rate, and decreased blood pressure.
Examine
Hypnotic poisoning check
1. The determination of drug concentration in blood, urine and gastric juice has reference significance for diagnosis. The determination of serum benzodiazepine concentration has little effect on diagnosis, because the half-life of active metabolites and the rate of discharge of individual drugs are different.
2, blood biochemical examination of glucose, urea nitrogen, creatinine, electrolytes and so on.
3. Arterial blood gas analysis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of sleeping pills poisoning
1. Acute poisoning: There is a history of taking a large number of sleeping pills, and there are disturbances of consciousness and respiratory depression and blood pressure drop. Sedative hypnotics are detected in gastric juice, blood and urine.
2, chronic poisoning: long-term abuse of a large number of sleeping pills, mild ataxia and mental symptoms.
3, withdrawal syndrome: a long history of abuse of sleeping pills, sudden withdrawal or rapid reduction, anxiety, insomnia or seizures and paralysis.
