Urine Ketone Test

The three substances acetoacetic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone are collectively referred to as ketone bodies. Ketone body is a special intermediate of fatty acid in the decomposition and oxidation of liver. It is a form of liver energy output. Because ketone body has small molecular weight, it is soluble in water, can pass blood-brain barrier and capillary wall, and is muscle, especially brain tissue. Important energy. Long-term hunger, when the sugar supply is insufficient, the ketone body can replace glucose and become the main energy source for brain tissue and muscle. The concentration of acetone in the blood of a normal person is about 0.03 to 0.5 mmol/L, and the amount of ketone body (in terms of acetone) in urine for 24 hours is about 0.34 to 0.85 mmol/L, which is negative by the general inspection method. During strenuous exercise, high-fat, low-sugar diet, hunger, hyperemesis, stress, and diabetes, fat mobilization accelerates, and ketone body production increases, especially in diabetic patients with uncontrolled diet, ketone body formation is tens of thousands under normal conditions. In this case, acetone accounts for about half of the total amount of ketone bodies, far exceeding the ability of extrahepatic tissues to utilize ketone bodies, causing an increase in blood ketone body concentrations, and even causing ketoacidosis, and ketoneuria with urine excretion. Basic Information Specialist classification: urinary examination classification: urine / kidney function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: normal. Positive: 1, diabetic ketoacidosis due to reduced sugar utilization, decomposition of fat to produce increased ketone body and cause ketosis. Urine ketone body testing is extremely valuable when there is acidosis or coma in uncontrolled or improperly treated diabetes. It should be distinguished from hypoglycemia, heart and brain disease lactic acidosis or hyperglycemia and high permeability diabetes coma. In the case of ketoacidosis, the ketone body is positive, while the latter urinary ketone body generally does not increase, but it should be noted that diabetic ketosis suffers from severe renal damage and the renal threshold increases, the urinary ketone body can also be reduced or even completely disappeared. 2, non-diabetic ketosis such as infectious diseases such as pneumonia, typhoid fever, sepsis, tuberculosis, etc., severe diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, hunger, strenuous exercise, fasting for a long time, after the body anaesthesia, etc. This situation is quite common. Pregnant women often have urinary ketone body positive due to pregnancy reaction, vomiting, eating less, and pregnancy-induced hypertension. 3, poisoning such as chloroform, ether anesthesia, phosphorus poisoning and so on. 4, taking biguanide pills, such as Jiangtangling, because the drug has the effect of inhibiting cellular respiration, blood sugar has decreased, but the urine ketone body is positive. Tips: Try to use fresh morning urine when doing this check. The urine that is randomly selected is preferably mid-stage urine. Menstrual women are not suitable for this examination. Normal value negative. Clinical significance 1. Diabetes due to the loss of function of glucose, a large amount of fat is oxidized, and excessive ketone bodies are formed to form ketonuria. Once ketoneuria is present, ketoacidosis should be considered, and may be a precursor to ketogenic coma. . If the patient has taken hypoglycemic, and his blood sugar is normal but there is still ketoneuria, it may be hypoglycemic ketosis, and hypoglycemic drugs have the effect of inhibiting cellular respiration. 2, non-diabetic ketouria infants or children may have ketonuria due to fever, severe vomiting, diarrhea, inability to eat, etc.; pregnant women may be due to serious pregnancy reaction, pregnancy vomiting, eclampsia, inability to eat, digestion and absorption disorders and other factors There is ketoneuria. Patients who have been fasting for a long time, or lack of sugar or fat in their diet, can also be positive for ketone bodies. Positive results may be diseases: pregnancy vomiting, diabetic ketoacidosis precautions Note during inspection: Fresh morning urine should be used as much as possible during this examination. The urine that is randomly selected is preferably mid-stage urine. Not suitable for the crowd: menstrual women. Inspection process Inspection process: As with routine urine tests, use a clean, dry container with a disposable urine cup and urine test tube provided by the hospital. Take about 10 ml of urine, send it to the hospital's designated inspection window, and then check the ketone body content in the urine. Not suitable for the crowd Menstrual women. Adverse reactions and risks no.