Leptospirosis agglutination lysis test

Leptospirosis is a natural epidemic disease caused by various pathogenic spirochetes. There are many groups and serotypes of pathogenic Leptospira, and the group-specific chemical composition is a lipopolysaccharide complex. The chemical composition of the type-specific is a proteoglycan complex. The polysaccharide composition of different types of Leptospira differs. The patient can produce the corresponding antibody, and examining the specific antibody can help the diagnosis of the disease. Basic Information Specialist classification: Infectious disease inspection and classification: pathogenic microorganism inspection Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the blood draw, avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. Normal value The normal value is 0 to 1:40. Clinical significance Abnormal results: 1. Increase leptospirosis (early). 2. In the early stage, it is characterized by sepsis, the middle stage is sepsis with organ damage, and the late stage is recovery period or late stage. According to the mid-term performance, it is divided into pulmonary hemorrhage type, jaundice bleeding type (also known as Weil disease), renal failure type and meningitis type. Need to check the crowd: Clinical features are elevated body temperature, yellow disease, hemoglobinuria, hemorrhagic quality, abortion, skin and mucosal necrosis and edema. High results may be diseases: leptospirosis, leptospirosis, renal damage, leptospirosis, nervous system performance considerations Before inspection: 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. After inspection: 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3, after the blood draw symptoms of fainting such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie down, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. 4. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. Inspection process 1, the principle of leptospirosis agglutination dissolution test Leptospira meets the corresponding specific antibodies, and agglutination can occur in the presence of a suitable electrolyte, which is clearly visible under a dark field microscope. Since lectin and lysin can occur in the serum of patients, when agglutination is used for agglutination test, both agglutination and dissolution can occur simultaneously. When the antibody titer in the serum is high, dissolution occurs, and when the antibody titer is low, aggregation occurs. This test is model specific. 2, reagents Leptospira culture: The standard strain of Leptospira is inoculated in Korthof or phosphate medium containing rabbit serum, and cultured at 28 to 30 ° C for 5 to 7 days. Using dark-field microscopy, each high-power field of view is not less than 50, and the exercise is lively and self-coagulated, and can be used as a living antigen. A final concentration of 0.5% formalin solution was added and left at 28 to 30 ° C overnight to be a dead antigen. 3, the operation method (1) The test serum was inactivated in a water bath at 56 ° C for 30 min and diluted 25 times with physiological saline. (2) Take the diluted test serum in a 10×75mm test tube and dilute it according to the actual needs, 0.1ml per tube. The last tube only adds 0.1ml of normal saline as the antigen control tube. (3) 0.1 ml of each group or each type of Leptospira suspension was added separately. At this time, the final dilution of the serum was 1:50, 1:100, and then placed at 37 ° C for 2 to 3 hours. (4) After resuspending the tubes, one drop of the suspension was placed on a glass slide, covered with a cover glass, and observed for aggregation and dissolution under a high-order dark field microscope. (5) Judgment of results: (++++) Almost all spirochetes are dissolved, destroyed or deformed, with only a few normal spirals in between. (+++) Most of the spirochetes are condensed into spider webs or lumps, with a few free. (++) There is a coagulation group in half of the field of view, and the number of normally free spirals is less than that of the control tube. (+) There are only a few agglutinations, and 10 fields of view are examined. Only one or two fields of view have a coagulation group. (-) All spirochetes are normally dispersed. Not suitable for the crowd Those who do not have an indication for examination should not do this check. Adverse reactions and risks Generally no complications and harm.