Urine sodium

Urine sodium refers to the determination of sodium ion concentration in urine for 24 hours. There are 154 mmol of inorganic cations per liter of plasma, of which sodium ions account for about 90%, accounting for almost half of the plasma osmotic pressure. Sodium plays a central role in maintaining normal water distribution and osmotic pressure. The kidney is the main organ that regulates sodium and water and maintains acid-base balance. Sodium can be freely filtered out by the kidneys, most of which are reabsorbed. The amount of urinary sodium excreted increases with the increase of blood sodium. The amount of sodium excreted in the human body is about 1/5 of the amount of sodium during the daytime, indicating that the excretion of the nanometer has changed greatly within one day, so the determination of urine sodium requires the retention of all urine for 24 hours. The excretion of urinary sodium is also closely related to the sodium content of the diet and the water content of the body. Basic Information Specialist classification: urinary examination classification: urine / kidney function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Reduce the consumption of foods containing too little food, premenstrual, Cushing's syndrome, primary aldosteronism, advanced chronic renal failure, diarrhea, malabsorption, etc., as well as the intake of corticosteroids, adrenaline, propranolol (Heart Dean) and other drugs. In the case of pre-renal acidosis, the urine sodium is less than 15 mmol/L. Normal value: Urine sodium (adult): 130-260mmol/24h Above normal: Increased in eating foods containing excessive sodium, severe pyelonephritis, acute tubular necrosis, nephrotic syndrome, acute or chronic renal failure, alkalosis, and intake of caffeine, diuretics, heparin, lithium salts, large doses Progesterone and other drugs. negative: Positive: Tips: Forbidden strenuous exercise, stop caffeine, heparin, lithium salt, progesterone, diuretics (such as hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, etc. before the check. The alcohol is forbidden for 3 days before the test. The middle part of the urine is taken for inspection. Normal value Adult 130 ~ 260mmol / 24h; Children <5mmol/kg/24h. Clinical significance Abnormal result Reduction: seen in adrenal hyperfunction, Cushing's syndrome, primary aldosteronism, congestive heart failure and so on. In addition, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal fistula, large area burns, etc. can also reduce urinary sodium excretion. Elevation: seen in severe pyelonephritis, tubular damage, diabetes, acute renal tubular necrosis (oliguric phase), diabetes insipidus, adrenal insufficiency and so on. People who need to be tested People with abnormal kidney function, urine sugar, heart failure, vomiting, and diarrhea. Low results may be diseases: high pyelonephritis results may be diseases: primary aldosteronism considerations Before the test: prohibit strenuous exercise, maintain a good diet and work and rest, stop caffeine, heparin, lithium salt, progesterone, diuretics (such as hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, etc.) one week before the test. Drink alcohol for 3 days before the test. At the time of examination: a part of the urine is discharged first to wash away the bacteria remaining in the urethra and the anterior urethra, and then the middle part of the urine is taken for inspection. Inspection process The urine of the subject is collected and tested with a special instrument. Not suitable for the crowd no. Adverse reactions and risks no.