urine routine

The urine analyzer is also known as a dry chemical urine analyzer. The instrument is easy and fast to operate (the detection of 11 urine components can be completed within 10 seconds). Urine routine is a non-negligible preliminary examination in the clinic. Many kidney lesions can be formed in proteinuria or urine sediment in the early stage. Once a urine abnormality is found, it is often the first indication of a kidney or urinary tract disease and is often an important clue to the nature of the pathological process. Basic Information Specialist classification: urinary examination classification: urine / kidney function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Including items: urinary red blood cells (RBC, BLO), urine color, urinary bilirubin warm reminder: Do not eat after 9:00 pm the day before the test, drink water, check the morning after getting up, do not eat or drink water, easy Check is accurate. Take the middle section of urine. Female patients should not take urine for examination during menstruation. Normal value pH 5～7; specific gravity (SG) 1.015～1.025; protein (PRO) negative; glucose (GLU) negative; ketone body (KET) negative; bilirubin (BIL) negative; nitrite (NIT) negative; white blood cells (LEU Negative; red blood cell (RBC) negative; vitamin C 20 ~ 100mg / L. Clinical significance 1. pH can reflect the acid-base balance in the body and the regulation of the kidneys. Reduced in diabetes, gout, acidosis, chronic glomerulonephritis. Increased in frequent vomiting, urinary tract infections, taking bicarbonate drugs, alkalosis. 2. Specific gravity Refer to the urine general trait test. 3. Protein positive is found in various glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, renal insufficiency, and ingestion of drugs (such as quinine), phosphate, disinfectant. When the urine pH is greater than 8, the urine protein test may have a false positive. When a large amount of penicillin is ingested and the urine pH is less than 4, a false negative may occur. 4. Glucose positive is found in diabetes, hyperthyroidism, late pregnancy, etc. False positives can occur with strong oxidant medications. If you take more than 500mg/L of vitamin C, you may get a false negative. 5. Ketone body positive found in diabetic ketoacidosis, chronic hunger, hyperemesis in pregnancy, as well as ingestion of Ldopa, methyldopa and other drugs. 6. Bilirubin is positive in hepatocellular or obstructive jaundice. Drugs such as phenothiazine can be false positive. False negatives can occur when vitamin C exceeds 500 mg/L, nitrite, and large amounts of chlorpromazine. 7. Urinary biliary positive is seen in hemolytic or hepatic jaundice. Negative in obstructive jaundice. Ingestion of sulfa drugs, vitamin K, phenothiazine, etc. can produce false positives. Intake of nitrite, p-aminosalicylic acid can be false negative. Precautions Taboo before the test: Do not eat after 9:00 pm the day before the test. Drink water. Check the morning after getting up and do not eat or drink water, which is convenient for inspection. Requirements for inspection: 1. Pre-select the wide-mouth glass bottle that can hold more than 20 ml when leaving the urine sample. It must be cleaned before use. 2, it is best to leave the first urine specimen for inspection in the morning. When taking urine, it is best to take some urine before taking it. 3, female patients in the menstrual period should generally not take urine for inspection. Inspection process The doctor collects the patient's urine and passes the separation test of the urine by the laboratory to determine whether the amount of various components of the urine exceeds the standard. The doctor carefully handles the test to avoid mistakes. This inspection requires sophisticated equipment and experienced and high-quality experts to ensure scientific and accurate inspection results. Not suitable for the crowd Generally no taboos. Adverse reactions and risks No.