Sporothrix agglutination test

Sporotrichosis is a chronic infection of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and lymphatic vessels caused by S. sphaericus, which can spread to the whole body and cause systemic damage. Can occur in any age group, from infants to the elderly, without gender differences. Geographical distribution is more common in warmer tropical regions. Occupational characteristics are based on farmers or working in dark and humid environments and garden workers. Basic Information Specialist classification: Infectious disease inspection and classification: pathogenic microorganism inspection Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: A negative indication is not infected with spores. Positive: Positive indicates sporozoite infection. Tips: Patients with skin burns should not do this check. Normal value Negative (<1:80). Clinical significance Abnormal results: Spores is a conditional pathogen, among which Candida albicans is more common and has a strong pathogenicity. In general, spores can exist in the mouth, upper respiratory tract, intestine and vaginal mucosa of healthy people. Sometimes it occurs repeatedly, and the clinical significance of hyphae is more significant when it is directly found from the affected area. People in need of examination: chronic infection of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and lymphatic vessels in the vicinity, suspected of sporotrichosis. Especially those who work in a dark environment. Positive results may be diseases: sporotrichosis, pneumocystis sclerotia precautions Not suitable for people: patients with skin burns. Pre-inspection requirements: pay attention to hygiene, do not get hurt. Requirements for inspection: Follow the instructions of the physician. Inspection process (1) Direct microscopic examination: direct smear of sputum, pus or biopsy tissue for Gram staining or PAS staining. Gram staining is positive and round in multinucleated cells or in large mononuclear cells or around the cells. Shape or fusiform, 2 to 5 μm small microspores. Occasionally, hyphae and astrocytes. (2) Bacterial culture: 1 Glucan peptone agar medium, at room temperature, there is bacterial growth. After 6 days, the colony was 0.5 cm in diameter and was gray-brown membranous colony, slightly higher than the culture surface. After 10, the colony reached a diameter of 1.5 to 2.0 cm, the surface was divided into 3 bands, the edge was a membranous white halo; the middle zone was dark brown; the central ridge was creased, uneven, and there were a few thorn-like hyphae. The 2-week colonies were dark brown and the edges were sunken. When the material is inspected, the colony is very sticky and difficult to remove. Microscopic examination revealed an elongated hyphae with a diameter of 2 μm. The conidial stalk grows from both sides of the hyphae, at right angles to the hyphae, and has 3 to 5 groups of pear-shaped small conidia at the top (2 to 4) μm × (2 to 6) μm, arranged in plum Pattern. 2 Cystine glucose blood agar or brain heart infusion glucose blood agar base, cultured at 37 ° C, showing white colonies, microscopic examination of round or fusiform spores, sometimes budding, Gram stain positive. 3 Electron microscopy showed round or oval round spores and slender segregating mycelium spores with high electron density, radiation shape, dark center, and outer coat attached to the outside of the cell wall. The cell wall of the cells is medium electron density, and the cytoplasm is finely granular, with internal mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and vacuoles. The budding mode is internal bud type, and the mechanical break of hyphae during biphasic migration is hyphae fragmentation, and the conidia formation is pleomorphic. In the mycelial phase, a pseudo-axial conidiophore can be seen and a plurality of terminal conidia are formed. Not suitable for the crowd Not suitable for people: patients with skin burns. Adverse reactions and risks Generally no complications and harm.