Cerebrospinal fluid cell count (CST)

Refers to counting all cells in the cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid does not contain red blood cells, no white blood cells or very small amounts of white blood cells. Basic Information Specialist classification: examination classification: cerebrospinal fluid examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Cerebrospinal fluid specimens are sent for inspection immediately after collection. If they are placed for too long, the test results will be affected. Normal value Red blood cells are not. Individual nucleated cells were counted in adults with less than 10×10 6 /L for lumbar puncture, less than 5×10 6 /L for ventricle puncture, less than 15×10 6 /L for children, and less than 30×10 6 /L for neonates. Clinical significance The cell count of cerebrospinal fluid contributes to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of central nervous system diseases. 1. Neutrophil enlargement is more common in bacterial suppurative meningitis, Changda (1 ~ 20) × 109 / L; early viral meningoencephalitis, early tuberculous or fungal meningitis, rarely more than I × 109 /L. Also seen after central nervous system bleeding. Repeated lumbar puncture, subarachnoid injection of foreign body, chronic myeloid leukemia and central nervous system metastatic tumor. 2. Lymphocytosis is seen in viral encephalitis, syphilitic meningoencephalitis, tuberculous or fungal meningitis, parasitic diseases, and the like. At this time, mixed cell reactions (including plasma cells, macrophages, monocytes, etc.) often occur, and the number of cells often reaches 1 × 109 / L. Also seen in non-infectious diseases such as multiple sclerosis and polyneuritis. 3. Eosinophils are found in parasitic and fungal infections, acute polyneuritis, allergic reactions, and brain lymphocytic leukemia. 4. Basophils are found in parasitic infections, and chronic myeloid leukemia involves the meninges. 5. Monocytes often increase with the increase of lymphocytes and plasma cells. 6. Macrophages are found in tuberculous or fungal meningitis and respond to red blood cells, foreign bodies, fats, etc. in the cerebrospinal fluid. Intake of ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazole, sulindac and other drugs can increase the number of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid. High results may be diseases: precautions for aseptic meningitis syndrome in children The cerebrospinal fluid specimens are sent for inspection immediately after collection. If they are placed for too long, the test results will be affected: if the cells are denatured and destroyed, the counting and classification will be inaccurate; some chemical substances such as glucose will reduce the decomposition content; the bacteria will cause autolysis to affect the detection rate of bacteria. . After the cerebrospinal fluid is extracted, three sterile tubes are generally divided. The first tube is used for bacterial culture, the second tube is used for chemical analysis and immunological examination, and the third tube is used for general traits and microscopic examination. The order of the three tubes should not be reversed. Due to the difficulty in collecting specimens, all inspection and testing procedures should be safe. Inspection process The mixed cerebrospinal fluid is directly dropped into the counting pool, and the total number of red and white blood cells in five large squares is multiplied by 2, which is the number of cells per microliter (μl), and then converted into the number of cells per liter of cerebrospinal fluid, and Reported. If the number of cells is large, count the number of cells in a large square × 10, that is, the total number of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid per microliter (μl), or dilute and count again by red blood cell counting. Not suitable for the crowd 1. If there is obvious papilledema or cerebral palsy, contraindications are contraindicated. 2. Patients who are in shock, exhaustion or endangered state and local skin inflammation, and lesions in the posterior cranial fossa are contraindicated. Adverse reactions and risks If the patient has symptoms such as breathing, pulse, or abnormal color during puncture, stop the operation immediately and deal with it accordingly.