Glycated Serum Protein (GSP)

The glycated serum protein is a non-enzymatic glycation reaction between serum glucose and the N-terminal amino group of albumin and other serum protein molecules to form a polymer ketone amine structure. Because plasma proteins, especially albumin, have a short half-life (19 days), they can reflect the more recent effects of diabetes treatment, and understand the blood sugar levels of diabetes control for 1 to 2 weeks. Glycosylated serum proteins have been reported to be well correlated with GHb. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: endocrine examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Those found in growth hormone deficiency and high growth hormone levels of hereditary growth hormone receptors can also be found in cachexia, severe malnutrition and severe liver disease. Normal value: Serum GSP (NBT method): 0-285 μmol/L Serum GSP (ketoamine oxidase method): 122-236 μmol/L Above normal: Found in giant disease and acromegaly. negative: Positive: Warm reminder: pH value, reaction temperature and reaction time have great influence on this test and must be strictly controlled. Normal value NBT method: <285 μmol/L (standardized reference to 14C standardized glycated albumin). Ketoamine oxidase method: 122 ~ 236 μmol / L. Clinical significance (1) Because of the short half-life of serum protein, this test can effectively reflect the blood glucose level of patients in the past 1-2 weeks. (2) This test is not affected by the fluctuation of temporary blood glucose concentration, so it provides a good indicator for the diagnosis of clinical diabetics and the study of long-term glycemic control. Comparison of consecutive test results before and after the same patient is more valuable. Low results may be diseases: pregnancy with diabetes, acute cellulitis considerations (1) DMF can be synthesized by itself. The method is to weigh 90 g of anhydrous D-glucose, 58 g of morpholine, and add 1 L of distilled water. After dissolving, it is stirred on a water bath of 60-70 ° C to start a yellow paste, and the color gradually deepens. After 20 min, the water bath was removed and 18 g of malonic acid was slowly added. The entire addition process took more than 10 min. The bath was re-watered and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C, stirring was continued, and the color changed from yellow-green to amber. After 10 min, 70 ml of absolute ethanol was added, maintained at 75 ° C for 30 min, and then 70 ml of acetone was added. At this point, crystallization is observed, which is DMF. Put in a refrigerator at 4 ° C overnight. The crystals were collected and recrystallized three times with absolute ethanol to purify the product and dried. The melting point of 146 ~ 147 ° C, the molecular formula C10H19O6N, molecular weight 249D. (2) The pH value, reaction temperature and reaction time have great influence on the test and must be strictly controlled. (3) The non-enzymatic glycation reaction of serum proteins can form a ketoamine structure. DMF can also form a 1-deoxy-1-amino-2-keto ketoamine structure from an oxygen ring structure through structural rearrangement under appropriate pH and temperature conditions. It is therefore reasonable to use it as a standard reference. (4) Using the fixed-value freeze-dried glycated serum protein as a standard, the measurement result is more stable. Because the results measured with different standards are not exactly the same, it is best to establish a laboratory reference value. Inspection process Intravenous blood draw. The measuring tube was added with 0.1 ml of serum (plasma) to be tested, and 0.1 ml of distilled water was added to the blank tube, and 4 ml of NBT reagent pre-warmed at 37 ° C was added, mixed, placed in an accurate water bath at 37 ° C for 15 min, and cooled by running water (less than 25 ° C). After 15 minutes of cooling, the wavelength of the spectrophotometer was 550 nm, and the optical path of the 10 mm optical path was zeroed by blank, and the absorbance of the measuring tube was read. The results were found from the standard curve. Reported with fructosamine mmol/L. Not suitable for the crowd People with reduced hematopoietic function such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or people with thrombocytopenia should pay attention to blood draw, and should not take more or more blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1. After the blood is drawn, do not press the needle hole to avoid subcutaneous hematoma. If there is a small piece of bruise in the blood, it is slightly tender, please don't panic, you can do hot compress after 24 hours to promote the absorption of blood. The general small amount of congestion will gradually absorb in 3 to 5 days and the color will become lighter and return to normal. 2. After the blood draw, symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should be immediately supine, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved.