human chorionic gonadotropin

Human chionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by placental syncytiotrophoblast cells. It consists of 2 subunits of α and β, 237 amino acids, and has a molecular weight of 39kD. Among them, its alpha subunit and FSH, The alpha subunits of LH and TSH are similar, with immunological cross-reactivity, and their structural differences are mainly in the beta subunit, which can be distinguished in immunological activity. Because of the specificity of β-HCG, the use of specific antisera to test β-HCG levels in blood and urine is a flexible and accurate method for early pregnancy diagnosis. The function of HCG is mainly to promote the action of corpus luteum. Even if the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is transformed into the corpus luteum in early pregnancy, the mechanism of action is to bind to the luteal cell membrane receptor, activate adenylate cyclase, and promote the secretion of progesterone. In addition, HCG can still affect the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones in the ovary, and stimulate the formation of progesterone in the placental trophoblast. Basic Information Specialist classification: gynecological examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether women are fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: normal. Positive: Pregnancy or other malignant disease. Tips: If the first 6 to 8 weeks of pregnancy, serum β human chorionic gonadotropin can not continue to increase at a rate of 66% per day, should consider the possibility of threatened abortion or ectopic pregnancy. Normal value Test tube method: negative. Radiation receptor method: negative. (β-subunit) Female pregnancy 7 to 10 days > 5.0 U / L (> 5.0 mU / ml). 30 days of pregnancy > 100 U / L (> 100 mU / ml). 40 days of pregnancy> 2000 U / L (> 2000 mU / ml). 50 to 100 KU / L (50 ~ 100 U / ml) for 10 weeks of pregnancy. 10 to 20 KU/L (10 to 20 U/ml) at 14 weeks of gestation. Trophoblastic cell disease >100 KU / L (> 100 U / ml). Clinical significance 1. Diagnosis of early pregnancy HCG is secreted by the trophoblast cells before implantation of the fertilized egg. It grows rapidly in the early stage, and doubles in about 1.7 days, reaching the highest peak in 8 to 10 weeks. Therefore, the determination of β-HCG levels in blood and urine by RIA or ELISA is a more accurate method for early pregnancy diagnosis. 2, early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, HCC content is significantly lower than normal pregnancy, therefore, for suspected ectopic pregnancy, detection of serum HCG helps to confirm the diagnosis. 3. Detection of HCG in patients with threatened abortion not only helps to understand the secretory function of placental trophoblast cells, but also provides a basis for determining clinical treatment options. If serum HCG rises continuously, positive fetus measures should be taken if HCG levels persist. If it falls, then people should be considered. 4. Diagnosis and curative effect of nourishing foliar cell disease The concentration of HCG in blood is significantly increased when trophoblastic disease is caused. In general, the level of HCG is increased in the order of benign hydatidiform mole, malignant mole, and chorionic epithelial cancer. HCC value and disease condition Basically parallel, dynamic monitoring can reflect the dynamic process of cancer cell growth and degradation. After treatment, the level of HCG may decrease or turn negative. If it rises after it is turned negative, the possibility of recurrence or metastasis should be considered. 5, lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer or testicular tumors can appear elevated serum HCG levels. Positive results may be diseases: early pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, threatened abortion, malignant moles, habitual abortion precautions For the first 6 to 8 weeks of pregnancy, serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin cannot continue to increase at a rate of 66% per day. The possibility of threatened abortion or ectopic pregnancy should be considered. Inspection process 1. Take the test tube number, where: the NSB tube is used for the non-specific binding rate of the assay method. The B0 tube was used to determine the specific binding rate of zero standard. B1 to 5 tubes were used to determine the specific binding rate of each standard. The S tube is used to determine the binding rate of the blood sample to be tested. 2. Take 3 tubes to measure the total radioactivity, which is worth (T). 3. Leave at room temperature (>20 ° C) for 15 min (or 37 ° C for 15 min). 4. Centrifuge at 2000 × g for 15 min and aspirate the supernatant. 5. Measure the background BG and the radioactivity of each tube. The measurement time is the optimal counting time with the T tube count greater than 10.000, and the double tube results take the average value. Not suitable for the crowd People with reduced hematopoietic function such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or people with thrombocytopenia should pay attention to blood draw, and should not take more or more blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1. After the blood is drawn, do not press the needle hole to avoid subcutaneous hematoma. If there is a small piece of bruise in the blood, it is slightly tender, please don't panic, you can do hot compress after 24 hours to promote the absorption of blood. The general small amount of congestion will gradually absorb in 3 to 5 days and the color will become lighter and return to normal. 2, after the blood draw symptoms of dizziness such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie flat, drink a small amount of sugar water, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved.