phytohemagglutinin test

This test is a valuable method for determining non-specific cellular immunity. The anterior wall was injected intradermally and the results were observed after 18 and 24 hours. Basic Information Specialist classification: inspection classification: immune examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: 1. Seen in cell immunodeficiency disease, some leprosy patients (about 50% to 70% negative) and severe acute and chronic hepatitis, subacute hepatic necrosis, measles, tuberculosis, etc. 2. PHA reactions such as advanced solid tumors and chronic lymphocytic leukemia may be negative. Positive: 1. Normal 2. The positive rate of malignant tumors with metastasis is only 5% to 10%; 3. The positive rate of patients with benign tumors or non-metastatic malignant tumors is similar to that of normal people. Tips: Actively cooperate with the doctor during the examination. Normal value Using a 5 μg PHA skin test, the redness was 8.5 ± 0.1 mm positive; with a 10 μg PHA skin test, the redness was 11.2 ± 0.4 mm positive. Clinical significance 1 This test is negative in patients with cellular immunodeficiency disease, some leprosy patients (about 50% to 70% negative), acute and chronic hepatitis, subacute hepatic necrosis, measles, tuberculosis, etc. 2 The positive rate of metastasis of malignant tumors is only 5% to 10%; the positive rate of patients with benign tumors or non-metastatic malignant tumors is similar to that of normal people. PHA reactions such as advanced solid tumors and chronic lymphocytic leukemia can be negative. Negative results may be diseases: severe combined immunodeficiency disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia considerations Very few patients can develop anaphylactic shock during skin test, often starting within a few seconds to 5 minutes after injection, first itchy skin, numbness of the limbs, followed by shortness of breath, chest tightness, cyanosis, rapid heartbeat, fine pulse, blood pressure drop, a large number Sweating, etc., if not rescued in time, can lead to death of the patient. Therefore, you should be prepared for rescue, such as standing adrenaline hydrochloride, hydrocortisone, central stimulants and anti-allergic drugs. Inspection process (1) Take PHA1 (containing 10 mg/dose) and dilute with physiological saline to 5, 10 or 20 μg per 0.1 ml. Disinfect the inner skin of the forearm with a 1 ml syringe to extract a proper amount of the drug solution, and inject 0.1 ml into the skin to form a white vesicle locally. (2) After 18~24h, the diameter of local redness and induration was measured, generally >5mm was positive, but the redness often began to fade at 24h, and there was no obvious redness after 48h. The normal person used 5μg PHA skin test, the positive rate was 100%, the redness was 8.5±0.1mm, and the 10μg PHA skin test was used. The positive rate was 100%, and the redness was 11.2±0.4mm. The female skin test response was significantly higher than that of men. The response is the weakest under the age of 9 and gradually increases with age. More than 30 years old showed a relatively strong reaction period. This test can be used in various age groups and is more suitable for children. Not suitable for the crowd A person with a history of anaphylactic shock. Adverse reactions and risks Very few patients can develop anaphylactic shock during skin test, often starting within a few seconds to 5 minutes after injection, first itchy skin, numbness of the limbs, followed by shortness of breath, chest tightness, cyanosis, rapid heartbeat, fine pulse, blood pressure drop, a large number Sweating, etc., if not rescued in time, can lead to death of the patient. Therefore, you should be prepared for rescue, such as standing adrenaline hydrochloride, hydrocortisone, central stimulants and anti-allergic drugs.