Serum Immunoglobulin M (IgM)

IgM accounts for 6% of the total amount of serum immunoglobulin, mainly in the blood vessels. It is the first antibody produced by the body after being stimulated by antigen. It has a "pioneer immunity" effect and has strong cytotoxic activity and cytolytic activity due to IgM. It is mainly in the blood vessels and is the first line antibody against intravascular infection, which plays an important role in preventing the occurrence of sepsis. Clinically, IgM is commonly used in ELISA assays. ELISA is an abbreviation for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. It is an immunoenzyme technology developed after immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay. ELISA is a highly sensitive test technique that combines the specific reaction of antigens and antibodies with the efficient catalysis of enzymes on substrates based on immunological reactions. Since the reaction of the antigen and the antibody is carried out in the well of a solid phase carrier, a polystyrene microtiter plate, after each reagent is added, the excess free reactant can be removed by washing to ensure the specificity of the test result. And stability. Basic Information Specialist classification: cardiovascular examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Primary non-gammaglobulinemia, non-IgA and IgG multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, protein-loss gastrointestinal disease, etc. Normal value: Umbilical cord: 40-240mg/L Newborn: 50-300mg/L 0.5-6 months: 150-1090mg/L 6 months - 2 years old: 430-2390mg / L 2 years old-6 years old: 500-1990mg/L Above normal: Macroglobulinemia, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, acute and chronic liver disease (viral hepatitis, biliary cirrhosis, occult cirrhosis, malignancy, infectious mononuclear cells) Hyperplasia, syphilis, kala-azar, trypanosomiasis, typhoid fever, toxoplasmosis, Japanese encephalitis, monocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, etc. Increased IgM in cord blood: Gram-negative bacilli infection, syphilis, rubella, Intrauterine infections such as cytomegalovirus infection, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, etc. negative: Positive: Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the blood draw, avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. Normal value Immunoturbidimetric method, radioimmunoassay method (RID method) The umbilical cord is 40 to 240 mg/L (4 to 24 mg/dl). Newborns 50 ~ 300mg / L (5 ~ 30mg / dl). 150 to 1090 mg/L (15 to 109 mg/dl) for 0.5 to 6 months. 6 months to 2 years old 430 to 2390 mg / L (43 ~ 239 mg / dl). 2 to 6 years old, 500 to 1990 mg/L (50 to 199 mg/dl). 6 to 12 years old, 500 to 2600 mg / L (50 to 260 mg / dl). 12 to 16 years old, 450 to 2400 mg / L (45 to 240 mg / dl). Adults 400 ~ 3450mg / L (40 ~ 345mg / dl). (Note the specific reference value depends on each laboratory.) Clinical significance (1) elevated macroglobulinemia, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, acute and chronic liver disease (viral hepatitis, biliary cirrhosis, occult cirrhosis, malignancy, contagious Mononucleosis, syphilis, kala-azar, trypanosomiasis, typhoid fever, toxoplasmosis, Japanese encephalitis, monocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, etc. Umbilical cord blood IgM increases Gram-negative bacilli infection, syphilis, rubella, Intrauterine infections such as cytomegalovirus infection, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, etc. (2) reduction of primary non-gammaglobulinemia, non-IgA and IgG type multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, protein-loss gastrointestinal disease, and the like. High results may be diseases: herpes simplex, neonatal myocarditis, pediatric hepatitis E, neonatal Wilson-Mikity syndrome, pediatric selective immunoglobulin G subtype deficiency disease, pediatric epidemic pneumonia, pediatric Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency, pediatric vascular immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, astrovirus gastroenteritis, pediatric listeriosis considerations First, the precautions before blood draw 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. Second, should pay attention after blood draw 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3, after the blood draw symptoms of fainting such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie down, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. 4. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. Third, the normal value changes due to the preparation of the standard. Inspection process End point nephelometry. Not suitable for the crowd There are no special taboos. Adverse reactions and risks No relevant information.