Anti-neuronal nuclear antibody (Hu, Ri)

Anti-neuron nuclear antibodies are classified into type 1 and type 2, type 1 is also referred to as Hu antibody, and type 2 is also referred to as Ri antibody. Hu's target antigen is present in all neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems and is also present in related tumor cells. The target antigen of Ri is restricted to neurons of the central nervous system. No anti-neuronal nuclear antibodies were found in normal humans. Hu antibodies are more common than Ri antibodies. Clinically, indirect immunofluorescence is used to measure anti-neuronal antibodies. The principle of indirect immunofluorescence experiments is to label fluorescein on the corresponding antibody and directly react with the corresponding antigen. In the first step, an unknown unlabeled antibody (sample to be tested) is added to a known antigen sample, and incubated at 37 ° C for 30 min in a wet box to sufficiently bind the antigen antibody, followed by washing to remove unbound antibody. In the second step, a fluorescently labeled anti-globulin antibody or an anti-IgG, IgM antibody is added. If an antigen-antibody reaction occurs in the first step, the labeled anti-globulin antibody will further bind to the antigen-bound antibody, thereby identifying an unknown antibody. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: immunological examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: Normally negative. Positive: Positive indicates that Hu antibody is mainly found in tumor-like sensory neuropathy and tumor-like encephalomyelitis, and can also be seen in the tumor-like strabismus or myoclonus. Tips: Try to reduce the amount of exercise before blood draw, do not eat food, keep fasting, you can drink a small amount of water, in addition to some drugs that must be taken on time, try to take other drugs to the blood and then take it, so as not to some experiments The result is interference. Normal value Indirect immunofluorescence was negative. Clinical significance Positive: Hu antibodies are mainly found in tumor-like sensory neuropathy and tumor-like encephalomyelitis, and can also be seen in the tumor-like strabismus or myoclonus. Ri antibodies are mainly found in brain, brain stem, and spinal cord dysfunction. Precautions First, the precautions before blood draw: 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. Second, after blood draw should pay attention to: 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3, after the blood draw symptoms of fainting such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie down, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. 4. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. 3. Please inform the doctor about the recent medication and special physiological changes before the test. Inspection process Autoantibody assay. Not suitable for the crowd There are no taboos. Adverse reactions and risks There are no related complications and hazards.