Anti-Leaching Nuclear Antigen (ENA) Antibody

The nuclear antigen has three components, histone, DNA, and soluble nuclear antigen, which are soluble in phosphate buffer (or physiological saline). The name can be extracted nuclear antigen (extractablenuclearantigen, ENA). The recognition of ENA polypeptide antibodies at the molecular level has been a major advance in anti-nuclear antibody research in the 1980s. It has been found that there are more than 10 such antibodies, and the anti-ENA antibodies are their collective names. Anti-Sm antibodies, like anti-dsDNA, are highly specific for SLE and are positive for anti-Sm regardless of active phase and can be used as a marker for SLE. However, anti-Sm positive patients account for only about 30% (20% to 40%) in SLE patients. Therefore, the diagnosis of SLE cannot be ruled out when anti-Sm is negative. There is no consensus on the relationship between anti-Sm antibody and clinical symptoms and disease outcome. . Anti-U1-RNP autoantibodies can be detected in the blood of a variety of rheumatic patients, the positive rate of SLE patients is 30% to 50%; systemic progressive sclerosis (PSS) 25% to 30%; dermatomyositis 10% ～20%, rheumatoid arthritis 5% to 10%, and in patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), the high titer anti-U1-RNP antibody detection rate can reach 100%, these patients often have no other specific Sexual autoantibodies. Therefore, high titers of anti-U1-RNP (especially high titer anti-70 kD) antibodies are considered to be diagnostic markers for MCTD. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: immunological examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: normal. Positive: Common in dry syndrome. Tips: need to be compared with the positive control serum. Normal value Normal human serum anti-ENA antibodies were negative. Clinical significance Anti-Sm antibodies, like anti-dsDNA, are highly specific for SLE and are positive for anti-Sm regardless of active phase and can be used as a marker for SLE. However, anti-Sm positive patients account for only about 30% (20% to 40%) in SLE patients. Therefore, the diagnosis of SLE cannot be ruled out when anti-Sm is negative. There is no consensus on the relationship between anti-Sm antibody and clinical symptoms and disease outcome. . Anti-U1-RNP autoantibodies can be detected in the blood of a variety of rheumatic patients, the positive rate of SLE patients is 30% to 50%; systemic progressive sclerosis (PSS) 25% to 30%; dermatomyositis 10% ～20%, rheumatoid arthritis 5% to 10%, and in patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), the high titer anti-U1-RNP antibody detection rate can reach 100%, these patients often have no other specific Sexual autoantibodies. Therefore, high titers of anti-U1-RNP (especially high titer anti-70 kD) antibodies are considered to be diagnostic markers for MCTD. Anti-U1-RNP antibody (anti-70kD) was positively associated with myositis, esophageal motor dysfunction, and Raynaud's phenomenon, but more positive patients did not develop nephritis. Anti-SS-A/Ro antibodies are associated with several autoimmune diseases. Most common in Sjogren's syndrome (40% to 95% of cases), also seen in systemic lupus erythematosus (20% to 60%) and primary biliary cirrhosis (20%), occasionally in chronic active hepatitis. Anti-SS-B/La antibodies are found only in female patients (29:1) and can occur in Sjogren's syndrome (40% to 95% of patients) and systemic lupus erythematosus (10% to 20%). In patients with Sjogren's syndrome, anti-SS-A/Ro antibodies and anti-SS-B/La antibodies almost always occur simultaneously. Therefore, anti-SS-A and anti-SS-B are also considered to be the hallmark antibodies of Sjogren's syndrome. Anti-Scl-70 antibodies are mainly found in diffuse forms in systemic progressive sclerosis (PSS). It is a marker antibody for the disease, and its positive rate is 25% to 70%. It can be as high as 75% in patients with severe diffuse scleroderma, and only 4% to 11% in patients with CREST syndrome. Antibody-positive anti-centromere antibodies were mostly negative. In patients with localized scleroderma, the detection rate of this antibody is very low, only about 20%. Anti-Jo-1 has certain value for polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM); anti-ribosomal (Rib) antibodies are mainly found in SLE, and some people think that it can also be used as an SLE marker antibody, which is an indicator of lupus activity. Precautions (1) When detecting by convection immunoelectrophoresis, the serum to be tested contains two anti-U1-RNP and anti-Sm antibodies, and two precipitation lines may appear between the test and the ENA well. Representative anti-U1-RNP antibodies near the cathode side and anti-Sm antibodies near the anode side. If only one precipitation line appears. Then need to be compared with the positive control serum. To determine its nature. Since the Sm antigen can withstand treatment at 56 ° C for 1 h. U1-RNP is no, so the ENA antigen can be heat treated and then convectively immunoelectrophoresis with the serum to be tested to determine the nature of the sedimentation line. It has also been reported in the literature that U1-RNP is treated with ribonuclease. To distinguish between anti-Sm or anti-U1-RNP antibodies. (2) The advantage of immunoblotting is that 7 kinds of polypeptide antibodies can be detected at the same time, but compared with convection immunoelectrophoresis or agar double-diffusion method, the positive rate is not significantly improved (mainly because the target antigen is more heat-treated) The denaturation treatment changes the epitopes originally present on the surface of the molecule). Therefore, the corresponding polypeptide antibody is negative and does not rule out the presence of certain rheumatism. Inspection process Same as indirect immunofluorescence. Not suitable for the crowd There are no taboos. Adverse reactions and risks There are no related complications and hazards.