Antinuclear antibody (ANA) or antinuclear factor (ANF)

Antinuclear antibody (ANA) is a generic term for a group of autoantibodies most commonly found in the serum of patients with autoimmune rheumatism (connective tissue disease). The target antigen is the nuclear component of eukaryotic cells, but also includes certain cytoplasmic Cytoskeletal composition. The antigens in nuclear chromatin include DNA, histone, high mobility group (HMG) protein, DNA topoisomerase-1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/eyclin), RNA polymerase-1, and nucleolusorganizing regions. , NOR) related proteins, etc.; the antigen in the nucleoplasm is ribonucleoprotein, including U1 ~ U6 RNA, transfer RNA (tRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) and many other small RNAs, ie Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and specific protein conjugates, such as U1, U2, U4 ~ U6RNP (Sm antigen), U1RNP, hnRNP, etc.; the target antigen on the nuclear membrane is mainly a group called membrane pore complex Protein and lamins of the inner layer of the nuclear membrane. In addition, there are also some ribonucleoproteins in the cytoplasm, namely small cytoplasmic RNP (scRNP) such as Ro/SS-A antigen. The resulting mechanism is unclear. Certain antinuclear antibodies have relative disease specificity, such as anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and anti-Sm antigen antibodies in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); anti-Scl-70 (DNA topological differences) in scleroderma Constructase-1) antibody and the like. Since many target antigens for antinuclear antibodies are nucleic acids and proteins with specific molecular structures and functions in the nucleus, binding of autoantibodies to them may have an effect on cell proliferation and corresponding functions. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: immunological examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: normal. Positive: Positive (greater than 1:10), found in systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed connective tissue disease, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, drug-induced lupus (such as antiarrhythmic drug procainamide, blood pressure reduction Drug hydralazine, anti-epileptic drugs, anti-thyroid drugs such as thiourea and other lupus). Tips: You need to do further tests on specific anti-nuclear antibodies. Normal value Immunofluorescence qualitative method is negative. Immunofluorescence titer <1:160. Clinical significance ANA is found in a variety of autoimmune diseases (especially autoimmune rheumatism), such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), drug-induced lupus, mixed connective tissue disease detection rate of up to 100%; Sjogren's syndrome (Sjgren syndrome), progressive systemic sclerosis detection rate of up to 70% to 85%; other such as rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis and dermatomyositis, chronic active hepatitis, ulcerative colitis, etc. There is also a detection rate of 20% to 50%. In addition, patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, and multiple arteritis may also detect ANA. Precautions (1) The IA is detected by the IIF method. The premise of correct diagnosis is to use the Hep-2 cells and liver cells as antigen slices for each test to be tested in parallel, and which cells are used as antigen slices and antigen slices. The specificity, potency, affinity of the fluorescent antibody, and the quality of the fluorescence microscope have an inevitable effect on the measurement results. Therefore, each laboratory should carry out strict indoor quality control, and each test should be set to be positive. Control (WHO standard serum) and negative control serum. (2) Four typical fluorescence profiles are formed in association with certain specific antinuclear antibodies, but they cannot be diagnosed positively by antinuclear antibodies based on the fluorescence profile. The significance of the fluorescence profile is only to suggest which specific antinuclear antibodies need to be examined. Inspection process Same as fluorescence detection. Not suitable for the crowd There are no taboos. Adverse reactions and risks There are no related complications and hazards.