Diabetic Retinopathy Screening

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most important manifestation of diabetic microangiopathy. A fundus lesion with specific changes is one of the serious complications of diabetes. Ophthalmoscopy usually needs to be performed under dilated pupils (closed-angle glaucoma patients are contraindicated). The advantage of dilated examination is that the fundus has a large visible range, and it is easy to find early fundus lesions, which can make a preliminary diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Basic Information Specialist Category: Ophthalmic Examination Category: Other Inspections Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Inappropriate crowd: closed angle glaucoma. Normal value Microaneurysms and/or small hemorrhages are always the earliest and more accurate signs of retinopathy. The yellow-white wax-like hard exudation plaque indicates that the vascular system is abnormal, the permeability is increased, and the blood components escape. White soft exudation indicates severe disturbance of the microcirculation and severe vascular damage. There is no neovascularization at this stage, so it is called a simple lesion. As the disease progresses, multiple focal or extensive retinal perfusions at this stage indicate that new blood vessels will appear soon. Clinical significance Abnormal results: Hemorrhagic glaucoma, vitreous hemorrhage, and macular degeneration can occur. Active and effective control of diabetes, treatment of systemic vascular disease, hypertension and heart and kidney disease, change microcirculation, avoid retinopathy and preserve vision. People who need to be examined for diabetes. Precautions Forbidden before examination: If you have a medical history, you should check it as soon as possible without delay. Requirements for inspection: Just work with a doctor. Inspection process Fundus examination: Ophthalmoscopy usually needs to be performed under dilated pupils (closed-angle glaucoma patients are contraindicated). The advantage of dilated examination is that the fundus has a large visible range, and it is easy to find early fundus lesions, which can make a preliminary diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Small pupil fundus examination, often because of the small range seen in the fundus, is easy to miss the diagnosis of early fundus lesions, so it is not suitable for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Fundus photographic examination: its advantages can record eye disease lesions, easy for expert diagnosis and lesion follow-up comparison. Fundus photography includes methods such as dilation and non-distraction. A mydriatic fundus photography method is usually used. Non-mydriatic fundus photography is currently only used for screening for diabetic fundus lesions. Fundus fluorescein angiography: fundus fluorescein angiography can dynamically observe the retinal circulation, especially the changes of the retinal microcirculation. Such as microangioma, hemorrhage, fluorescent leakage points, non-perfusion areas and new blood vessels. Therefore, fundus fluorescein angiography is an important basis for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and laser treatment. The imaging process usually takes 10-15 minutes. Fundus optical tomography (OCT) examination: OCT is a new examination technique for ophthalmology applications in recent years. Its advantages are non-invasive and objective, and have important diagnostic value for diabetic macular degeneration. In conditional care, OCT has been used as a routine test for diabetic macular edema. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate crowd: closed angle glaucoma.