Amniotic fluid examination

Amniocentesis amniocentesis is performed by amniocentesis using amniotic fluid to determine the maturity and health of the fetus, and to diagnose whether the fetus is normal or has some genetic disease. The examination items include cell culture, sex chromosome identification, karyotype analysis, amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein determination, and amniotic fluid biochemical examination. Take the supine position after emptying the bladder. Abdominal disinfection should be extended to the periphery centering on the puncture point, and the radius should be no less than 10cm. Spread a sterile hole towel. The puncture site was partially anesthetized with 0.5% lidocaine infiltration. The 7th sterile waist pierced needle was inserted vertically. Basic Information Specialist classification: maternity check check classification: biochemical examination Applicable gender: whether women are fasting: not fasting Tips: Inappropriate people: women with a pregnancy time of less than 12 weeks and more than 20 weeks. Normal value The amount of amniotic fluid in early pregnancy is 450-1200mL, and the amount of amniotic fluid in full-term pregnancy is 500-1400mL. The color of amniotic fluid is colorless, transparent or light yellow. There are squamous cells with lipids on the surface of the cells, which can be dyed orange in color. At about 39 weeks of gestation, the orange cell content increased to 10%-15%. Clinical significance Abnormal result Excessive amniotic fluid, common in congenital fetal dysplasia, maternal diabetes, etc.; oligohydramnios, found in congenital malformations, renal hypoplasia, pulmonary hypoplasia; Amniotic fluid viscous yellow is seen in expired pregnancy, placental insufficiency; Amniotic fluid dark green is seen in fetal distress; The orange cell content <10% in amniotic fluid indicates that the fetus is immature. People who need to be examined are pregnant for 16 to 20 weeks. Precautions 1. The best time for amniocentesis is: Pregnancy 16 weeks to 22 weeks. Because the amniotic fluid capacity is suitable at this stage, and the activity of fetal exfoliated cells in amniotic fluid is OK, it is easy to culture successfully, so as to perform karyotype analysis. 2. Before the examination: empty the bladder. 3. When checking: Actively cooperate with the doctor. Inspection process Take the supine position after emptying the bladder. Abdominal disinfection should be extended to the periphery centering on the puncture point, and the radius should be no less than 10cm. Spread a sterile hole towel. The puncture site was partially anesthetized with 0.5% lidocaine infiltration. The 7th sterile waist pierced needle was inserted vertically. Through the two resistances of the abdominal wall and the uterine wall, when entering the amniotic cavity, there is a feeling of loss of tissue suddenly disappearing. When the needle core is pulled out, amniotic fluid is discharged, and about 20 ml of amniotic fluid is extracted with a syringe, and immediately sent for inspection as needed. Then, the puncture needle was removed, the pinhole was covered with a cotton ball and gauze, and the tape was fixed after pressing for 5 minutes. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate crowd: 1. There were signs of abortion during pregnancy. 2. When the body temperature exceeds 37.5 °C. 3. Early exfoliation of the placenta, abdominal infection and purulent. Adverse reactions and risks Amniocentesis is a traumatic examination for pregnant women. Although most amniocentesis is safe, the following may occur: 1, there is a risk of miscarriage, the probability is very small, about 1 / 250. 2, pregnant women have complications, often have the following conditions: amniotic fluid leaked from the puncture eye, need to be closed again; uterine fistula contraction; mild or severe bleeding.