Tracheal aspiration

Tracheal aspiration is the attraction of secretions and cells from the trachea and the main bronchus. Tracheal aspiration is most commonly used in patients who cannot cough up excessive secretions in the airways. Due to ease of operation, it is most commonly used for endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy. However, it can also be attracted through the nasal passages or the oral cavity; it is rarely used by intratracheal procedures. The license varies depending on the operation used. Laryngeal edema is a contraindication to the throat route; those with bleeding quality are prohibited from passing through the trachea. Either way, patients with arrhythmia, bronchospasm, hypoxemia or hypercapnia are at risk of attraction. Basic Information Specialist classification: Respiratory examination classification: pulmonary function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Pay attention to normal eating habits and pay attention to personal hygiene. Patients with laryngeal edema, bleeding quality, arrhythmia, bronchospasm, hypoxemia or hypercapnia are not suitable for this test. Normal value The body is in normal symptoms. Clinical significance Abnormal results: Endotracheal aspiration is widely used in the treatment of patients with severe craniocerebral injury. However, when intratracheal suction is performed in patients with severe craniocerebral injury, intracranial pressure will increase, and in severe cases, cerebral perfusion pressure will decrease, causing brain tissue ischemia. Hypoxia, posing a risk to the patient. People who need to check: Tracheal intubation or tracheotomy of patients or those who are unable to cough up excessive secretions in the airways. Precautions Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to normal eating habits and pay attention to personal hygiene. Requirements for inspection: Actively cooperate with the doctor. Inspection process In nasal or oral operation, a soft, flexible, sterile disposable catheter is used to initiate suction at the proximal vent side, with a negative pressure of 20 to 30 cm H2O. The catheter is attached to a suction bottle to obtain a bacteriological or cytological examination of the specimen. The operator should wear gloves and use a small amount of sterile saline or water to inject the catheter to remove the viscous secretions from the tube. In general, the oxygen flow rate of the oxygen-absorbing patient should be doubled before the suction, and the ventilator support patient should inhale 100% pure oxygen. The above operation must be repeated before each vacuum suction. When the nasal route is taken, the patient takes a sitting posture, leans forward, and the neck stretches slightly. The surgeon grasps the patient's tongue with gauze in one hand and pulls forward; the other hand slowly inserts the catheter into the trachea from the nostril as the patient inhales. Then intermittent vacuum suction for 2 to 5 seconds. When the catheter is inserted into the trachea, when the negative pressure attracts one of the main bronchus, the patient's head should turn to the opposite side of the main bronchus that needs to be attracted. Oral route is more difficult, requiring a bite pad or establishing a oropharyngeal passage. The patient's head should be fully extended and the neck slightly stretched. The tracheal suction through the nasal trachea, the oral tube or the tracheotomy sleeve requires careful aseptic technique. When inhaling 100% pure oxygen, a few milliliters of normal saline is often injected before vacuum suction. The catheter is fully inserted, then slowly withdrawn and intermittently attracted. First attract the trachea, then the left and right main bronchus. Percutaneous intratracheal aspiration is used to obtain specimens from the trachea. This method is sometimes used to identify pathogenic microorganisms in the airways of patients with severe or fatal infections. In order to achieve reliable sensitivity and specificity, the technique must be combined with quantitative bacterial culture techniques (preferably using fiberoptic bronchoscopy and various assistive techniques described above for smear, culture, and culture of specific lung or lung segments. Cytological examination). Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate population: patients with laryngeal edema, bleeding quality, arrhythmia, bronchospasm, hypoxemia or hypercapnia. Adverse reactions and risks There will be an increase in intracranial pressure, which will lead to a decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure, causing ischemia and hypoxia in the brain tissue, posing a risk to the patient.

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