pulse wave

The pulse wave test is an auxiliary test method for checking whether the pulse is normal. The pulse waveform is a curve which is measured by a pulse meter when the blood flow in the artery rises and falls when the blood flows through the artery. Clinically, palpation can also be used to roughly estimate the waveform. To understand the pulse beat situation. Through this examination, the lesion and the corresponding symptoms can be judged. Basic Information Specialist classification: cardiovascular examination classification: physical examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Reminder: During the examination, the patient actively cooperates with the doctor. It is not suitable for strenuous exercise one hour before the examination. It is not appropriate to be overly nervous during the examination, so as not to affect the result. Normal value The normal pulse waveform consists of one liter, peak, and descending. The ascending branch is steeper, due to left ventricular ejection, a sudden increase in aortic pressure; the lowering of the branch is due to left ventricular diastolic, a certain pressure in the aorta, pushing the blood to continue to the peripheral artery. There is a trace on the descending branch, followed by a small peak, which is due to the closure of the aortic valve, partial blood flow to the aortic valve and elastic return of the aorta. When the normal person inhales, the blood volume of the pulmonary circulation increases, and the blood volume of the systemic circulation increases accordingly, and the right ventricle discharge also increases. Therefore, the blood volume of the pulmonary circulation to the left heart does not change significantly, and the surrounding pulse strength does not change. Clinical significance Abnormal result (1) Water impulses, more common in extreme anemia, hyperthyroidism and congenital arterial catheters are not closed. If you are not sure, you can raise your arm and touch it again. If it is, it will be very obvious. (2) Qimai, mostly for pericardial effusion and constrictive pericarditis, at this time the patient's condition is more serious. (3) Strong and indefinite veins can be seen in some patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease. (4) Dicrotic pulse (dicroticpulse), when the vascular tone is reduced, the increase in the rising wave can be touched, like a bimodal pulse wave, weighing the beat wave. The heavy pulse is a pathological pulse. Common in typhoid fever and long-term febrile diseases, can also be seen in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Easy to reach at the carotid and femoral arteries. (5) Paradoxicalpulse is also called "sucking pulse". Qimai is one of the symptoms of acute pericardial tamponade and has a great diagnostic value for pericardial effusion and constrictive pericarditis. Qimai also occurs in acute pulmonary infarction, peripheral circulatory failure, throat and tracheal stenosis, asthma, and high emphysema. (6) Intermittent pulse (intermittent pulse). Often occurs in abnormal cardiac impulses or conduction disorders. 1) There are regular intermittent veins, and the pulse has a regular intermittent phenomenon. It is found in various premature beats or triads, and II° atrioventricular block. 2) Irregular intermittent pulse, pulse speed is different, intermittent without regularity, seen in atrial fibrillation. (7) HernLommelsign (HernigLommelsign) is also known as "sinus dysplasia." This sign is actually the pulse of sinus arrhythmia, which is the result of excitatory changes in the vagus nerve. It is common in healthy people, and children are especially common. (8) The frequency of frequent pulses is faster than the normal pulse. (9) Chronic progressive inflammation of the aorta and its branches of pulseless disease. When the brachial artery is involved, the upper limb pulse is weakened or disappeared, and the upper limb is adiabatic. The disease affects the lower extremity without pulse in the abdominal aorta and the radial artery, which may also cause renal artery stenosis hypertension. Regular physical examination items for people who need to be examined, abnormal blood vessels. Precautions Forbidden before examination: Maintain a normal diet and schedule. Requirements for examination: The patient actively cooperates with the doctor during the examination. It is not suitable for strenuous exercise one hour before the examination. It is not appropriate to be overly stressed during the examination, so as not to affect the result. Inspection process The waveform needs to be traced by means of the instrument. However, after many clinicians' experience, according to the condition of the pulse, the waveform can be indirectly reflected. The method and content of the pulse wave are as follows: (1) The water is pulsed, and it feels like a sudden rise and fall, and it has a sudden feeling. (2) Qimai refers to a strange situation in which sudden pulse is obviously weakened or even disappeared during deep inhalation. (3) alternating pulse (pulsealternate) alternating pulse refers to normal pulse rhythm but alternating strong and weak beats, that is, a strong pulse is touched, followed by a weak pulse, then a strong pulse, and then a weak pulse, and recurring. If the patient is in the supine position, the head may tilt upwards to appear or become larger. The examiner should hold the patient in breath, in order to be sure that the changes in the pulse that are touched at this time are not related to breathing. Similar pulse changes can occur when premature beats are performed, and attention should be paid to identification. The second law is a pair of one-to-one, short-interval pulse, without this obvious change in strength and weakness. (4) Dicrotic pulse refers to a double pulsation in an arterial pulsation, in which the latter arterial pulsation is weaker than the previous pulsation. (5) intermittent pulse (intermittent pulse) missing some beat pulse. The pulse rhythm changes and there is a pause. (6) HernLommelsign is also known as "sinus dysplasia." When inhaling, the frequency of the pulse and the time of exhalation become slow, that is, the Her-Luo sign is positive. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: severe blood vessels and heart failure.