liver size

The liver size test is an auxiliary test for checking whether the size of the abdominal liver is normal. The liver of a normal adult is generally not accessible under the costal margin, but the elongated and elongated body of the abdominal wall can reach the lower edge of the liver under the rib arch in deep inhalation, but within 1 cm. Under the xiphoid process, the lower edge of the liver can be touched, and it is more than 3cm, but the elongated and long-shaped body with a sharp upper abdomen can reach 5cm under the root of the xiphoid. If the above criteria are exceeded, the liver is swollen or the liver is moved down. At this time, the upper boundary of the liver can be extracted by the percussion method, for example, the upper boundary of the liver is also reduced, and the upper and lower diameter of the liver is normal (about 9 to 11 cm for adults), and the liver is moved downward; if the upper boundary of the liver is normal or elevated, the liver is indicated. Swollen. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: other examinations Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: The inspected person is in the supine position, the knee joints are flexed, the abdominal wall is relaxed, and deeper abdominal breathing is performed to move the liver up and down. Normal value The liver of a normal adult is generally not accessible under the costal margin, but the elongated and elongated body of the abdominal wall can touch the lower edge of the liver under the rib arch in deep inhalation, but within 1cm, under the xiphoid can touch the liver. The edge is more than 3cm, but the elongated and long-shaped upper body has a sharp upper body shape and can reach 5cm under the root of the xiphoid. Clinical significance Abnormal result 1. When the liver moves down, the liver is generally soft, with a smooth surface and no tenderness. The liver shift is common in visceral drooping, emphysema, and a large amount of fluid in the right thoracic cavity leading to a decrease in sputum. 2, when the liver is enlarged, it can be diffuse or limited. Diffuse enlargement is seen in hepatitis, hepatic congestion, fatty liver, early cirrhosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, leukemia, schistosomiasis, and clonorchiasis. Localized hepatomegaly can often be seen or touched by local bulging, found in liver abscesses, liver tumors and hepatic cysts (including hepatic cysticercosis). 3, liver shrinkage seen in acute and subacute hepatic necrosis, portal cirrhosis in the late stage, the consequences are more serious. People who need to be examined: routine physical examination items, abnormal abdominals. Precautions During the examination, the inspected person is in the supine position, the knee joints are flexed, the abdominal wall is relaxed, and the deep abdominal breathing is performed to move the liver up and down. The examiner is placed on the right side of the patient with one or both hands. Inspection process At the time of palpation, the examinee is in the supine position, the knee joints are flexed, the abdominal wall is relaxed, and deeper abdominal breathing is performed to move the liver up and down. The examiner is placed on the right side of the patient with one or both hands. One-handed palpation is more common. The examiner puts the right hand four fingers together, the metacarpophalangeal joint is straight, and is placed in parallel with the costal margin in the right abdomen to estimate the lower edge of the liver or below the percussive liver dullness. When the gas is blowing, the finger is pressed to the deep part of the abdominal wall. When inhaling, the finger is slowly raised, and the edge of the liver is moved upward toward the rib edge. Repeatedly, the finger gradually moves toward the costal margin until it touches the liver margin or the costal margin. It is necessary to palpate the liver margin on the right midline and the front midline, respectively, and measure it with the costal margin or sword when breathing calmly. The distance from the root of the root, expressed in centimeters. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: Basically no suitable for the crowd, but people with mental disorders should pay attention. Adverse reactions and risks Nothing.