Low sodium test

The low sodium test is a normal person. When the sodium chloride intake in the food is less than 20-40 mmol/d, one week later, the urinary aldosterone is increased, the urine sodium is lowered, but the urinary potassium is not lowered. However, in patients with primary aldosteron, urinary sodium is lowered due to continued storage of sodium and potassium, and the already increased aldosterone is not further increased, and urinary potassium is also lowered. The reason for the decrease in urinary potassium is due to the reduction in urinary sodium, which limits the exchange with potassium. Basic Information Specialist classification: urinary examination classification: other examinations Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Pay attention to normal diet and rest and prevent endocrine disorders. Normal value Normal food intake of sodium chloride is less than 20 ~ 40mmol / d, one week later, urinary aldosterone increased, urine sodium decreased, but urinary potassium did not decrease. Clinical significance Primary aldosteronism (primary aldosteronism) is caused by an increase in aldosterone secretion caused by adrenal cortical lesions, and is a mineralocorticoid disorder that does not depend on renin-angiotensin. Abnormal results: In patients with primary aldosteron, urinary sodium decreased due to continued storage of sodium and potassium. The previously increased aldosterone did not increase further, and urinary potassium also decreased. The reason for the decrease in urinary potassium is due to the reduction in urinary sodium, which limits the exchange with potassium. There are three types of clinical symptoms: 1. Hypertensive patients have high blood pressure, and appear earlier, often appear in about 4 years before the onset of hypokalemia. Generally, it is moderately elevated, and the increase in diastolic blood pressure is more obvious. 2. Neuromuscular dysfunction (1) Neuromuscular weakness and paralysis: Generally speaking, the lower the blood potassium, the heavier the myopathy. Tiredness, coldness, tension, diarrhea, sweating, and loss of potassium-diuretic diuretics (such as hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide) can be induced. It is often found that the lower limbs cannot move autonomously when they wake up in the morning. The severity of the attack varies, and the severe one can affect the upper limbs, sometimes involving the respiratory muscles. Cranial nerve innervation muscles are generally unaffected. Bilateral flaccid convulsions at the time of onset. (2) Paroxysmal hand, foot and ankle and muscle spasm: found in about 1/3 of patients, with beam arm compression sign (Trousseau sign) and facial nerve slamming sign (Chvostek sign) positive. It can last for days to weeks. Can appear alternately with paroxysmal paralysis. 3. Potassium deficiency nephropathy and pyelonephritis People who need to be examined: patients with clinical symptoms of hyperaldosteronism such as hypertension, neuromuscular dysfunction, potassium loss nephropathy and pyelonephritis. Precautions Forbidden before examination: pay attention to normal diet, pay attention to normal work and rest, and prevent endocrine disorders. Requirements for inspection: Actively cooperate with the doctor's request. Inspection process When normal people consume less than 20-40 mmol/d of sodium chloride in food, one week later, urinary aldosterone increases, and urinary sodium decreases, but urinary potassium does not decrease. However, in patients with primary aldosteron, urinary sodium is lowered due to continued storage of sodium and potassium, and the already increased aldosterone is not further increased, and urinary potassium is also lowered. The reason for the decrease in urinary potassium is due to the reduction in urinary sodium, which limits the exchange with potassium. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate crowd: temporarily unknown. Adverse reactions and risks Nothing.