bladder palpation

A bladder test is an auxiliary test used to check if the abdominal bladder is normal. Normal bladder emptiness is hidden in the pelvic cavity and is not easily accessible. Only when the bladder is full and inflated, it is beyond the upper edge of the pubis and is touched in the middle of the lower abdomen. Bladder palpation generally uses one-handed sliding. In the case of supine knee flexion, the physician starts to touch the pubis with the right hand from the umbilicus. After touching the mass, the nature should be examined. In order to avoid the tension of the abdominal muscles of the examinee, the examiner may first place the palm on the abdominal wall, so that the examinee can adapt to a moment and then palpate. Basic Information Specialist classification: urinary examination classification: other examinations Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: The patient relaxes and prevents abdominal muscle tension and avoids affecting the test results. Normal value Normal bladder emptiness is hidden in the pelvic cavity and is not easily accessible. The bladder is a pyramidal saccular muscular organ located in the anterior portion of the small pelvic cavity. The adult bladder is located in the pelvis and is an organ that stores urine. The baby's bladder is high, located in the abdomen, and its neck is close to the upper edge of the pubic symphysis; by the age of 20, due to the pubic bulging, the evolution of the sacral character, accompanied by the inclination and wideness of the pelvis, the bladder gradually falls into the pelvis. When the emptiness is empty, the bladder is pyramidal. When filled, the shape becomes oval, and the top can be higher than the upper edge of the pubis. Adult bladder capacity is 300 to 500 ml of urine. The inner surface of the bladder bottom has a triangular area called the bladder triangle, which is located between the two ureteral orifices and the urethral orifice. The lower part of the bladder has an internal urethra, and the upper rear corners of the bladder triangle are the openings of the ureter. Clinical significance Abnormal results, bladder abnormalities were detected for the following reasons: 1) Urinary retention caused by urethral obstruction (such as prostatic hypertrophy or cancer) and myelopathy (such as paraplegia) is the most common. 2) Also seen in patients with coma, lumbar vertebrae or vertebral anesthesia, patients with local pain after surgery. 3) Long-term urinary retention causes chronic inflammation of the bladder, and the bladder often cannot be retracted after catheterization. 4) When there are stones or tumors in the bladder, under the condition that the abdominal wall is soft and soft, sometimes the palpation method with both hands (the left hand shows that the glove is inserted into the rectum) can be touched behind the deep pubic symphysis of the abdominal cavity. People who need to be examined: routine physical examination items, abnormal abdominals. Precautions Requirements for inspection: 1 In order to avoid the abdominal muscles of the examinee, the examiner may first place the palm on the abdominal wall, so that the examinee can adapt to a moment and then palpate. 2 When checking, you can talk to the examinee at the same time, diverting your attention and reducing abdominal muscle tension. Inspection process Bladder palpation generally uses one-handed sliding. In the case of supine knee flexion, the physician starts to touch the pubis with the right hand from the navel, and should check the nature after touching the mass. In order to identify it as a bladder, uterus or other mass. In the case of a bladder that is filled with swelling, a round, tender and elastic mass can be touched in the middle of the lower abdomen, which cannot be displaced, and is transversely elliptical or spherical. The lower boundary is hidden by the pubic bone. When pressed, there is urine, and after emptying the bladder, the swelling shrinks or disappears. This can be differentiated from pregnant uterus, ovarian cysts and rectal masses. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: Basically no suitable for the crowd, but people with mental disorders should pay attention. Adverse reactions and risks Nothing.