Pulmonary function tests

Pulmonary function tests are one of the necessary tests for respiratory diseases. For early detection of lung and airway diseases, assess the severity and prognosis of the disease, assess the efficacy of drugs or other treatments, identify the causes of dyspnea, and diagnose the lesions. The location, assessment of lung function tolerance to surgery or labor intensity tolerance and monitoring of critically ill patients have important guiding significance. Basic Information Specialist classification: Respiratory examination classification: pulmonary function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: normal. Positive: (1) Obstructive lesions refer to changes in airflow obstruction due to various factors causing airway stenosis, with asthma being the most obvious. (2) Restrictive lesions refer to changes in pulmonary ventilation that are limited by pulmonary respiratory movements, such as emphysema, pleurisy, and pneumothorax, with varying degrees of lung ventilation. (3) mixed lesions refers to both obstructive and restrictive lesions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and advanced asthma, pneumoconiosis, pediatric bronchial pneumonia. Tips: Pay attention to normal eating habits before check, pay attention to personal hygiene. Normal value Different methods have different normal values, so it depends on the specific situation. Clinical significance (1), lung function test is a physical examination method, no damage to the body, no pain and discomfort. (2) Pulmonary function test has the advantages of high sensitivity, convenient repeated detection and easy acceptance by patients. (3), compared with X-ray chest X-ray, CT and other examinations, lung function tests are more focused on understanding the functional changes of the lungs, an important means of examination of respiratory diseases. Abnormal results: (1) Obstructive lesions refer to changes in airflow obstruction due to various factors causing airway stenosis, with asthma being the most obvious. (2) Restrictive lesions refer to changes in pulmonary ventilation that are limited by pulmonary respiratory movements, such as emphysema, pleurisy, and pneumothorax, with varying degrees of lung ventilation. (3) mixed lesions refers to both obstructive and restrictive lesions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and advanced asthma, pneumoconiosis, pediatric bronchial pneumonia. People to be examined: repeated upper respiratory tract infections, history of smoking and long-term cough, seasonal cough attacks, regular review of chronic bronchitis, chest X-ray abnormalities, patients requiring risk assessment for anesthesia, surgery, and postoperative Recover patients who need to make predictions. Precautions Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to normal eating habits and pay attention to personal hygiene. Requirements for inspection: Actively cooperate with the doctor. The nose is caught, so keep breathing with your mouth; tightly mouth as much as possible to ensure no air leakage during the test; as far as possible with the operator's password, make exhalation and inhalation action as soon as possible; inhale as much as possible, Then call out with maximum strength and speed. Inspection process The specific method of inspection depends on the content of the examination, that is, the method of checking the different functions and the specific operation is different from the requirements for the patient. Give a specific inspection method: 99Tcm-DTPA lung epithelial cell permeability assay: 1. Principle: The inner diameter of the alveolar capillaries is 8m on average. When the radioactive particles (99mTc-MAA) with a diameter of 10-60m are injected, the particles enter the pulmonary vascular bed with blood flow, and are transiently incarcerated in the pulmonary capillaries or lungs. In the small arteries, the distribution was proportional to the local pulmonary blood flow (r=0.97). By using a nuclear medicine imaging apparatus to photograph in vitro, an image reflecting local pulmonary blood perfusion can be obtained, so it is called lung perfusion imaging. 2. Imaging agent: 99mTc-MAA (large particle polymerized human serum albumin) suspension. Supine position slow (about 1min) intravenous injection, avoid pumping back blood (anti-particle aggregation). Multi-body planar imaging (ANT, POST, RLA, LLA, LAO, RAO, LPO, RPO) or / and tomographic imaging. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: depending on the item being inspected. Adverse reactions and risks Nothing.