Umbilical examination

Umbilical examination is to check the umbilicus located in the fourth lumbar vertebra, whether there is a umbilical depression or umbilical bulging. Umbilical examination is also to detect the blood supply of the fetus, in order to see if pregnant mommy has problems such as intrauterine hypoxia. The umbilical examination was performed by a Doppler instrument, similar to the B-mode ultrasound. Umbilical blood flow measurement is a non-invasive test to monitor the placental circulation, abnormal umbilical blood flow resistance, often associated with placental function, umbilical cord arteriovenous diameter, resistance, blood flow velocity, etc., and fetal blood oxygen Supply is closely related. The first umbilical cord around the neck pregnant woman, when the fetal head is placed in the basin or the fetal head gradually declines during labor, such as the umbilical cord around the neck appears relatively short, umbilical blood flow resistance increases, umbilical blood flow decreases, can cause fetal acute Ischemia and hypoxia cause fetal distress. Therefore, before the birth, when the umbilical blood flow is measured, the fetal head has been inserted into the basin, and the umbilical blood flow value of the umbilical cord around the neck can be directly measured; for those who have not entered the basin, the cord blood should be measured after the fetal head is lowered by the abdominal pressure. Stream value. Prenatal umbilical blood flow measurement has a promising role in predicting fetal distress. Basic Information Specialist classification: maternity check check classification: ultrasound Applicable gender: whether women are fasting: not fasting Tips: Pay attention to normal eating habits and pay attention to personal hygiene. Normal value 1. The normal umbilicus is located at the plane of the fourth lumbar vertebra and is flat or slightly concave. 2. The S/D and RI values ​​of the fetus during normal pregnancy decrease with the gestational time, especially the change of S/D value is an important indicator for mastering the normal development of the fetus. S/D and RI values ​​of the first stage of pregnancy from 26 to 28 weeks (S/D should be less than 3 after 28 weeks, RI should be less than 0.8), After the second stage was monitored from 36 to 37 weeks, the umbilical artery blood flow impedance was divided into three levels. Grade 1: S/D value <3.0, umbilical artery blood flow impedance is at a normal level. Level 2: S/D value >3.0, but <4.0, will not cause acute fetal distress, should be treated in time to prevent the disease from worsening. Level 3: S/D values ​​> 4.0, which will lead to poor prognosis in perinatal. The third stage of umbilical artery impedance index during childbirth: There is no significant change in S/D value during normal pregnancy. If the index is abnormal, the prognosis of perinatal is poor. Clinical significance Abnormal results: 1. Protrusion or depression - Under normal circumstances, the umbilicus is level or slightly concave with the abdominal wall, and the umbilical cord of the child or the abdominal wall may be slightly protruding. If the umbilicus is prominently outward, it is seen in the intra-abdominal pressure, such as ascites or pregnancy. Although the abdomen is swollen during obesity, the umbilicus is sunken. This helps to identify obesity and increased intra-abdominal pressure. 2, umbilical fossa secretions - secretions are serous or purulent, odorous, mostly caused by inflammation. The secretion is watery and has a urinary odor, which is a sign of urinary urethral rupture. 3, umbilical ulceration - may be suppurative or tuberculous inflammation, such as ulcers hard, fixed and prominent, mostly cancerous. 4, cord blood G6PD examination is a screening for hereditary red blood cell 6-phosphate glucose dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (ie, broad bean disease), G6PD deficiency is one of the most common hereditary metabolic diseases. In areas with high G6PD deficiency, pregnant women with G6PD deficiency on either side of the couple or on either side should have a genetic counseling prior to pre-production, or take cord blood for routine screening during childbirth. People who need to be examined: people with the above symptoms and older women. In older women, due to aging of the spindle in the egg cells, unequal division often occurs during mitosis, resulting in chromosomal aberrations in the offspring cells. This situation is more likely to occur when stimulated by external factors. As a result of chromosomal aberrations, mild cases can cause fetal malformations, and in severe cases, early abortions and mid-late stillbirths occur. Precautions Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to normal eating habits and pay attention to personal hygiene. Requirements for inspection: Actively cooperate with the doctor. Inspection process 1. The person being inspected fully exposes the abdomen. In the case of good light, the doctor observes the navel of the person being inspected and gives a corresponding judgment. 2, umbilical examination is carried out by Doppler, similar to B-ultrasound. Not suitable for the crowd No taboos. Adverse reactions and risks No complications.