breast examination

Breast examination is a more comprehensive examination of the breast to diagnose and prevent breast disease. The best time to check the breast is usually about 7th to 10th day after the end of menstruation, because estrogen has the least effect on the mammary gland, the breast is in a relatively static state, and the lesion or abnormality of the breast is easy to be found. Postmenopausal women are free to choose the time to check their breasts. The breast is an ectodermal organ that originates from the skin and belongs to the shallow structure of the chest wall. From the age of 12 to 13 years old, the breasts begin to develop and mature to 15 to 17 years old. Basic Information Specialist classification: Oncology examination classification: X-ray Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Inappropriate people: lactating women. Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to the particularity of the history of breast disease, and various diseases may have an impact on the examination. Normal value X-ray examination of mammography, far infrared examination of breast, and abnormal ultrasound were found in breast ultrasound examination. Clinical significance Abnormal results: X-ray examination of molybdenum target: X-ray examination of molybdenum can more reliably identify benign lesions and malignant tumors of the breast, can detect breast cancer early, and even detect occult breast cancer that is not clinically accessible. It is not suitable for pregnant women and women with menstrual rise. Breast far infrared inspection: The far-infrared examination of the breast is mainly used for early identification and identification of mastitis, mammary gland hyperplasia, breast fibroma, breast cancer and the like. There are generally no taboos. Breast ultrasound examination: 1. Determine whether there is a lump in the breast and its size position; 2. Determine that the mass is cystic or solid; 3. Identify breast lumps that are benign or malignant; 4. Interventional ultrasound using ultrasound-guided puncture cytology and tissue biopsy; 5. Follow-up examination of breast mass was performed to observe the conservative treatment effect of breast cancer. People who need to be examined: people with abnormal breast pain, middle-aged women. Precautions Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to the particularity of the history of breast disease, and various diseases may have an impact on the examination. Requirements for inspection: Checking for relaxation, checking may cause physical and psychological burdens, should be actively faced, and actively cooperate with the inspection. The examination needs to expose the breasts, so the upper body should wear clothes that are easy to take off. For patients with newly diagnosed breast diseases, if they are not satisfied with the physical examination, they can cooperate with the patients and check again at the best physical examination time, such as on the 10th day of the menstrual cycle to avoid physiological changes in the breast during the menstrual cycle. The interference caused. The examination should be adequately illuminated to avoid neglecting signs caused by minor lesions. Inspection process First, look at the face of the mirror and naturally sag, carefully observe whether the size of both sides of the breast is symmetrical, with or without abnormal protrusion, epidermal depression or uplift, desquamation, redness, wrinkles, etc., and then pay attention to the nipple with secretions, deformation or erosion, depression . Second, touch the hands and put them behind the brain, the hand is pressed forward slightly, pay attention to observe the shape and contour of the breast in the mirror. Put your hands on the waist, lean your upper body forward, press your shoulders and elbows slightly forward, and observe whether the breasts in the mirror are abnormal. Third, screw up the high arm, the right hand will close the fingers together, carefully check the left breast, gently press the breast with the fingertips, feel whether there is a hard block, start from the nipple to make a circular clockwise direction, gradually outward (about 3-4 Circle), until all breasts have been examined. In addition, pay special attention to the upper 1/4 of the breast and the armpit, and feel if there is an unusual subcutaneous mass. At the same time, gently squeeze the nipple and pay attention to the presence or absence of secretions. Check the left breast and check the right breast. 4. Lie down and lay a small pillow or bath towel behind the left shoulder. Because the shoulder is high, the center of gravity of the breast will move to the inside, making the breast flat and easy to check. The right finger is close together, and the breast is regarded as a circle centered on the nipple. The circle is pressed and pressed from the outside to the inside, and the nipple is lightly squeezed to pay attention to whether there is secretion. Five, infrared milk penetration examination, no radiation, no damage, fast and intuitive, it can directly show the movement, distribution and diameter change of breast blood vessels, Sixth, mammography X-ray is recognized as an important means of early detection of breast cancer. When the infrared emulsion examination reveals an unknown mass, it is necessary to do a mammography. Seven, color B-ultrasound examination without pain, no damage, will not be affected by dense glands, can accurately identify cysts, solid lesions. Compared with the first three, the biggest advantage of breast B-ultrasound is that it can observe dynamic mammography. However, B-ultrasound is less able to detect a mass less than 5 mm. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: lactating women. Adverse reactions and risks No related complications and hazards.