effusion carcinoembryonic antigen

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was originally discovered in adult colon cancer tissue. It is an acidic glycoprotein with human embryonic antigenic determinant. The molecular weight is 200kD. The embryonic stage is mainly in the gastrointestinal tube, pancreas and liver of the fetus. The content in the tissue is very low. CEA has different sugar content in different tissue sources. Serum CEA is elevated in gastrointestinal malignant tumors, and is also elevated in serum of patients with breast cancer, lung cancer and other malignant tumors. Therefore, CEA is a broad-spectrum tumor marker, although it can not be used as a specific index for the diagnosis of a malignant tumor, but it still has important value in the differential diagnosis, disease monitoring and therapeutic evaluation of malignant tumors. Basic Information Specialist classification: Oncology examination classification: chest and ascites examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: normal. Normal value: RIA method: 0-15μg/L Above normal: When CEA>20μg/L in effusion and CEA/clear CEA ratio>1, it should be highly suspected as cancerous effusion. negative: Positive: Tips: The diet should be light before the test. Normal value <15 μg/L (RIA method). <5 μg/L (ELISA method). Clinical significance Abnormal result When CEA>20μg/L in effusion and CEA/clear CEA ratio>1, it should be highly suspected as cancerous effusion. There is an emphasis on pleural fluid CEA / clear CEA ratio > 4.3 is an indicator of malignant lesions. High results may be diseases: cancer pain, carcinoid precautions When checking: Prognosis of tumor patients: The higher the CEA value of the tumor patient, the worse the prognosis, or suggest that there is metastasis. The CEA concentration is lower and the prognosis is better. After inspection: Tumor metastasis and recurrence monitoring: the first review was performed 6 weeks after the operation, once a month for the next 3 years, once every 5 years after 5 years, and once every 7 years. If it is found to be elevated, retest 1 time after 1 month. If it is raised again, it indicates recurrence or metastasis. This is 3 to 13 months earlier than clinical findings. Inspection process Puncture collection of effusion specimens, immediately sent for inspection. Different methods can be used for detection, such as CEA from the serum level and immunohistochemistry. Not suitable for the crowd Not suitable for people: people who need to be tested have cancer patients and cancer patients. Those without indications should not be tested. Adverse reactions and risks 1. Infection: Pay attention to aseptic operation when puncture, pay attention to local cleaning after puncture, prevent water pollution and avoid infection. 2, bleeding: puncture needle damage to local vascular tissue caused by local bleeding, should try to avoid puncture too deep.