Vitamin K Response Test

Vitamin K Reaction Tests Coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X are synthesized in hepatocytes, and vitamin K is an essential substance for the synthesis of these factors. In the case of a sufficient supply of vitamin K, the amount of the above factors synthesized depends on the function of the liver cells. The coagulation factor and prothrombin together determine the length of prothrombin time (PT), so the use of prothrombin time response to vitamin K can be used to estimate the ability of hepatocytes to synthesize internal factors, and indirectly reflects the ability of the liver to synthesize. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: liver function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Be careful to ensure adequate sleep before the examination, do not exercise vigorously. You must not drink alcohol the day before. Normal value The plasma thrombin time is 12-18 seconds. Clinical significance Abnormal results PT prolonged PT over normal controls for more than 3 seconds or prothrombin ratio exceeded the normal range, which is mainly prolonged, mainly seen in 1 reduction of congenital factors II, V, VII, X and fibrinogen deficiency (low or no fibrin blood) 2) acquired clotting factor deficiency, such as DIC, primary fibrinolysis, liver disease, obstructive jaundice, vitamin K deficiency, increased anticoagulant substances in the blood circulation. People who need to check for a lack of coagulation factors in the population. High results may be diseases: vitamin K deficiency disease considerations Taboo before inspection: 1. Be careful not to take the drug before the test, because some drugs will increase the burden on the liver, causing temporary damage to the liver function, which will lead to the accuracy of the liver function test results. 2. Pay attention to ensure adequate sleep before exercise, do not exercise vigorously, which may cause elevated transaminase, thus affecting the test results. 3. You must not drink alcohol the day before. Drinking alcohol will cause an increase in transaminase and affect the test results. 4. Accompany the solution before checking. Taboo when checking: 1. Can not eat before the examination, blood test requires fasting, fasting time is generally 8 to 12 hours. 2. Many experimental errors are caused by technical errors. Small changes in experimental techniques, reagents, temperature, and pH can result in significant changes in test results. Plasma should never be placed at 37 ° C for 10 min. 3. Before the experiment, the plasma should be checked for hemolysis, jaundice, lipemia or clot formation. Inspection process (1) Use a disposable plastic blood collection device or a siliconized glass syringe to collect venous blood. The blood collection technique should be skilled, and the blood vessels and surrounding tissues should not be damaged too much, so that the tissue fluid is mixed into the blood. The tourniquet should not be tightly tied when collecting blood, and should not exceed 2 minutes. If the blood is seen in the syringe, the tourniquet should be released, otherwise some coagulation and fibrinolytic factors will activate and the hematocrit (Hct) will increase. (2) 1.8 ml of venous blood was collected, and a test tube containing 109 mmol/L sodium citrate dissolved in 0.2 ml was added and thoroughly mixed. It is best to use a special siliconized vacuum blood collection tube with quantitative sodium citrate solution to collect blood to ensure the accurate ratio of blood to sodium citrate solution, prevent the activation of clotting factors, and keep clean, prevent unclean test tubes and unqualified rubber. Plugging pollution. (3) Storage of blood should be done by cleaning plastic tubes or silicified glass tubes or other non-wetting containers to avoid contact with activated clotting factors. After getting blood, send it to the blood test room as soon as possible. Violent vibration and direct sunlight should be avoided during transportation. It is generally required that the blood collection should not exceed 4 hours and should not be stored for a long time. If stored at room temperature for too long, the V factor will be destroyed; on the other hand, storage at 4 ° C for too long will lead to the activation of factor VII. The laboratory should separate the plasma as soon as possible after obtaining the blood sample and measure it as soon as possible. If the blood is found to be solidified, it should be discarded. 1 Collection, transportation and storage of blood specimens. 2 Calcium chloride thromboplastin solution, healthy people mixed frozen in plasma and plasma to be tested, pre-warmed for 5 minutes in a 37% water bath. 3 Take 2 test tubes, add 0.1ml of frozen plasma to be tested, and mix with lyophilized plasma of healthy people, pre-warm for 30 seconds at 37 °C water bath, then add 0.2ml of pre-warmed 25mmol/L calcium chloride thromboplastin solution, mix, Start the stopwatch timing. 4 While continually tilting the tube until the liquid flow slowly stops, stop timing and record the time required. The above measurement was repeated 2 to 3 times, and the average value was taken. 5 The measured value of the healthy person mixed freeze-dried plasma should be in the range of 11 to 13 seconds, and the plasma PT value to be tested is reported as the average value of 2 to 3 times. Not suitable for the crowd 1. Patients who have taken contraceptives, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones, etc., because the drug will increase the burden on the liver, may affect the results of the examination, and prohibit patients with a history of drug administration in the near future. 2, special diseases: patients with hematopoietic function to reduce disease, such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc., unless the examination is essential, try to draw less blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1, subcutaneous hemorrhage: due to pressing time less than 5 minutes or blood draw technology is not enough, etc. can cause subcutaneous bleeding. 2, discomfort: the puncture site may appear pain, swelling, tenderness, subcutaneous ecchymosis visible to the naked eye. 3, dizzy or fainting: in the blood draw, due to emotional overstress, fear, reflex caused by vagus nerve excitement, blood pressure decreased, etc. caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain caused by fainting or dizziness. 4. Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.