liver function test

Liver function tests are used to detect various indicators related to liver function metabolism through various biochemical tests to reflect the basic status of liver function. Proteins related to liver function include serum total protein, albumin to globulin ratio, serum turbidity and flocculation test, and alpha-fetoprotein test; serum enzymes related to liver disease include alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline Phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase; tests related to biotransformation and excretion include sulfonium bromide sodium retention test; tests related to bile pigment metabolism, such as bilirubin quantification and urinary tricholinal test. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: liver function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Included items: Hepatitis A antibody, amino acid clearance rate determination, prothrombin time (PT), serum total protein (TP, TP0), serum globulin (G, GL0), serum albumin to globulin ratio (A/G) ), total bilirubin (TBIL, STB), direct bilirubin, serum aspartate aminotransferase, serum alanine aminotransferase, serum bile acid assay (TBA), serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, bound bilirubin (SDB) , DBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP, AKP), indirect bilirubin, albumin (A, Alb), δ-bilirubin warm reminder: pay attention to ensure adequate sleep before the examination, do not exercise vigorously, this It may cause an increase in transaminases, which may affect the results of the test. Normal value Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 0~40; Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 0~37; Cereal / gluten (AST / ALT): 0.80 ~ 1.5; Glutamyl transferase (GGP): 7~32; Alkaline phosphatase (ALP): 53~128; Total bilirubin (TBILI): 5.1~19.0; Direct bilirubin (DBILI): 0.0~5.1; Indirect bilirubin (IBILI): 5.0~12.0; Total protein (TP): 60~80; Albumin (ALB): 35~55; Globulin (GLB): 15.0~35.0; White ball ratio (ALB/GLB): 1.20~2.00; Glucose (GLU): 3.89~6.11; Urea nitrogen (BUN): 1.7~8.3; Creatinine (CRE): 53~108; Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-L): 109~245; Creatine kinase (CK): 24.0~195.0; Total cholesterol (CHOL): 3.35~6.45; Triglyceride (TRIG): 0.48~1.17; Uric acid (UA): 202~416. Clinical significance Abnormal result 1, elevated alanine aminotransferase: acute and chronic viral hepatitis, liver damage caused by drinking, liver damage caused by drugs, other factors causing ALT abnormalities (fatty liver, liver cancer, etc.). 2, aspartate aminotransferase: aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased > 60u / L: acute myocardial infarction, acute hepatitis, drug-induced hepatocyte necrosis, chronic hepatitis active phase, liver cirrhosis active period, liver cancer, myocarditis, nephritis, myositis. 3, ALT / AST ratio results analysis: AST increased significantly means liver cell damage is more serious. Therefore, the ratio of ALT/AST is often used as a diagnostic indicator and disease monitoring indicator in clinical practice. 4. Analysis of results of gamma glutaminase transpeptidase (GGT): GGT is mainly derived from the hepatobiliary system. Therefore, it is mainly a monitoring project for hepatobiliary diseases. (1) Liver inflammation GGT is mildly and moderately elevated. (2) liver and gallbladder other diseases liver cancer, liver obstructive jaundice, biliary cirrhosis, cholangitis, gallbladder polyps, gallstones, pancreatitis, pancreatic head cancer, biliary tract cancer, etc., GGT is significantly elevated. 5. Analysis of the results of bilirubin (1) When liver cells are damaged, such as hepatitis, direct and indirect bilirubin will increase significantly. (2) biliary tract diseases, especially gallstones, biliary polyps, cholecystitis, etc., and direct bilirubin in blood is significantly elevated. (3) Hemolytic diseases increase the source of bilirubin in the blood, and the liver does not process it, resulting in a significant increase in indirect bilirubin. 6. Analysis of results of total protein, albumin and globulin The protein content in the blood can reflect the liver function. If the protein is lowered, it means that the liver synthesis function is impaired, which is a serious manifestation of the disease, such as chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver failure and the like. Some non-hepatic diseases can also change the protein in the blood, so pay attention to some physiological factors when analyzing the results. Need to check patients with liver function impairment or healthy physical examination. Precautions Taboo before inspection: 1, be careful not to take drugs before the examination, because some drugs will increase the burden on the liver, causing temporary damage to liver function, resulting in the accuracy of liver function test results. 2, before the inspection should pay attention to ensure adequate sleep, do not exercise vigorously, which may cause elevated transaminase, thus affecting the test results. 3, the previous day must not drink, drinking will lead to elevated transaminase, affecting the results of the examination. Taboo when checking: 1, can not eat before the examination, blood tests require fasting, fasting time is generally 8 to 12 hours. 2. The venous blood taken should be fresh and tested immediately. Inspection process The patient first took blood and took it to the laboratory to check the serum enzymes related to liver disease, such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Not suitable for the crowd 1. Patients who have taken contraceptives, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones, etc., because the drugs may cause certain damage to the liver, may affect the results of the examination, and prohibit patients with a history of drug administration in the near future. 2, special diseases: patients with hematopoietic function to reduce disease, such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc., unless the examination is essential, try to draw less blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1, subcutaneous hemorrhage: due to pressing time less than 5 minutes or blood draw technology is not enough, etc. can cause subcutaneous bleeding. 2, discomfort: the puncture site may appear pain, swelling, tenderness, subcutaneous ecchymosis visible to the naked eye. 3, dizzy or fainting: in the blood draw, due to emotional overstress, fear, reflex caused by vagus nerve excitement, blood pressure decreased, etc. caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain caused by fainting or dizziness. 4. Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.