cervical mucus examination

Cervical mucus is the secretion of the cervical gland. Under the influence of ovarian sex hormones, women of childbearing age with normal ovarian function have periodic changes in the physical and chemical properties of cervical mucus. Clinical observation of cervical mucus crystallization changes and mucus drawing tests by cervical mucus examination to understand ovarian function. Pregnant women and menopausers do not need to do this check. Basic Information Specialist classification: gynecological examination classification: vaginal secretion examination Applicable gender: whether women are fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: Negative is generally normal. Positive: Positive indicates that the body may have gynecological diseases. Tips: Check from the 7th day of the menstrual cycle to the time of ovulation, in order to understand the morphological changes of cervical mucus crystallization, the inspection time is longer, pay attention to go to the hospital on time. Normal value Cervical mucus crystallization examination under normal conditions, on the 8th to 10th day of the menstrual cycle, the mucus smear showed crystallization, the estrogen level in the ovulation period reached a peak, and the smear showed typical fibrillary crystal. After ovulation, the crystallization gradually decreased, and the crystallization did not occur until 22 days. The amount of crystallization and the integrity of the fiddle shape suggest the level of estrogen in the body. In the normal menstrual cycle, the appearance and disappearance of mucus dentate crystals have certain regularity. Generally, atypical crystals appear on the tenth day of menstruation. As the level of estrogen in the body increases, it changes to a lower typical crystal. Typical dentate crystals can be seen during ovulation, and then turned into ovulation. More typical crystals, even atypical crystals, turn into ellipsoids on the 22nd day of the menstrual cycle. During the ovulation period, the mucus can be pulled to 7~10cm or more, and the mucus becomes thick after ovulation, that is, there is no drawing phenomenon. Normally negative. Clinical significance Abnormal result 1, cervical mucus crystallization examination: clinically according to the degree of cervical mucus crystallization and the integrity of the fern to predict ovulation, diagnosis of pregnancy, estimation of early pregnancy prognosis, identification of amenorrhea type, diagnosis of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. 2, cervical mucus drawing test: Where the cervical mucus is thin and transparent, long stretch, indicating that estrogen is highly affected, lacking the role of progesterone, suggesting no ovulation or no pregnancy. When the mucus is as much as egg white, it is close to the ovulation period. If the viscosity of the mucus does not change much, it indicates that the level of estrogen is low and the ovarian function is incomplete. People who need to be examined: amenorrhea, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and ovarian insufficiency. Positive results may be diseases: spontaneous abortion, immune infertility, ovulation disorders, genital tract infections Taboo before inspection: 1. Keep a normal diet and schedule, don't stay up late. 2, from the 7th day of the menstrual cycle to after ovulation to check, in order to understand the morphological changes of cervical mucus crystallization, the inspection time is longer, pay attention to go to the hospital on time. Requirements for inspection: The cervix needs to be exposed during the examination. It is not necessary to be too nervous at this time, so as not to bring too much difficulty to the doctor's work. Inspection process 1. Viscosity or ductility examination: Under the influence of estrogen, the water content of cervical mucus increases, the closer to the ovulation period, the thinner the mucus and the higher the ductility. From the ovulation period, the cervical mucus is clear and transparent, like egg-like samples, and the drawing length can reach about 10cm. After ovulation, the cervical mucus gradually becomes viscous, turbid, such as jelly, and the ductility is reduced, and the drawing length is only 1-2 cm. When inspecting, first expose the cervix, wipe the mucus from the neck, and then use a dry long curved forceps to extend into the cervical canal about 1cm, clamp the mucus, place it on the slide, and use a slide to pick up the mucus and pull it into a silk. Observe the length. 2. Examination of crystallization type: After obtaining mucus from the cervical canal, it is placed on the slide, and it is not necessary to apply it. After it is dried (or dried), it is observed under a microscope. From the 7th day of the menstrual cycle, the cervical mucus gradually appeared as a dentate crystal. After ovulation, the fern-like crystals gradually disappeared, and only ellipsoidal crystals appeared. The morphology of the crystals can be divided into four types. Type I: Typical leafy lobes, the main stalk is hard and straight or slightly curved, and the branches are dense and long. Type II: The shape of the dentate mouth is sparse, the main stalk is soft and curved, the branches are short and not complete, and sometimes the branches are like slender grass. Type III: The leafy crystal of the fern has been dissociated, the main stem is incomplete, and the branches are short and sparse. Type IV: There is no fern leaf-like structure, and the sheet-L only sees a narrow ellipsoid arranged in a row, which is 2-3 times larger than white blood cells, has a large transparency, and has a light sensation under the microscope. Not suitable for the crowd No menstruation and gestational period are visible, so pregnant women and menopausers do not need to do this check. Adverse reactions and risks Risk of infection: The equipment for taking cervical mucus should be thoroughly disinfected. If the equipment is not clean, it may cause the infection of the subject.