blood sugar

The sugar in the blood is called blood sugar, and in most cases it is glucose. Most of the energy required for cell activity in various tissues in the body comes from glucose, so blood sugar must be maintained at a certain level to maintain the needs of various organs and tissues in the body. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: The hint may be hypoglycemia. Normal value: Normal value (fasting blood glucose): 3.9-6.1 mmol/L Above normal: The hint may be diabetes. negative: Positive: Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before, and avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should fast. Normal value 1, fasting blood glucose normal value (1) Generally, fasting blood glucose is 3.9 to 6.1 mmol/L (70 to 110 mg/dl), and plasma blood glucose is 3.9 to 6.9 mmol/L (70 to 125 mg/dl). (2) Fasting blood glucose ≥ 6.7mmol / L (120mg / dl), plasma glucose ≥ 7.8mmol / L (140mg / dl), 2 repeated measurements can be diagnosed as diabetes. (3) When the fasting whole blood glucose is above 5.6mmol/L (100mg/dl) and the plasma blood glucose is above 6.4mmol/L (115mg/dl), the glucose tolerance test should be performed. (4) When fasting whole blood glucose exceeds 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dl), it indicates that insulin secretion is scarce or absent. Therefore, when the fasting blood glucose is significantly increased, it is possible to diagnose diabetes without performing other tests. 2, normal blood sugar after meals (1) 1 hour after meal: blood glucose 6.7-9.4 mmol/L. No more than 11.1mmol/L (200mg/dl) (2) 2 hours after meal: blood sugar ≤ 7.8mmol / L. (3) 3 hours after meal: return to normal after the third hour, each urine sugar is negative 3, pregnant women with normal blood sugar (1) pregnant women do not exceed 5.1mmol / L on an empty stomach (2) 1 hour after the meal of the pregnant woman: 1 hour after the meal, the blood glucose value is generally used to detect the diabetes test in pregnant women. The authoritative data indicates that the pregnant woman should not exceed 10.0 mmol/L 1 hour after the meal is the normal level of blood sugar; (3) 2 hours after the meal of the pregnant woman: the normal blood sugar level after the meal is generally not allowed to exceed 11.1mmol/L, and the normal blood sugar value of the pregnant woman 2 hours after the meal shall not exceed 8.5mmol/L. Clinical significance Abnormal result Above normal: (1) Fasting blood glucose ≥ 6.7mmol / L (120mg / dl), plasma glucose ≥ 7.8mmol / L (140mg / dl), 2 repeated measurements can be diagnosed as diabetes. (2) When the fasting whole blood glucose is above 5.6mmol/L (100mg/dl) and the plasma blood glucose is above 6.4mmol/L (115mg/dl), the glucose tolerance test should be performed. (3) When fasting whole blood glucose exceeds 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dl), it indicates that insulin secretion is minimal or absent. Therefore, when the fasting blood glucose is significantly increased, it is possible to diagnose diabetes without performing other tests. Below normal: A blood glucose concentration of less than 3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dl) is called hypoglycemia. The people who need to be examined are people with heart palpitations, fatigue, sweating, hunger, paleness, tremors, nausea and vomiting. Low results may be diseases: hypoglycemia, postprandial hypoglycemia, high results may be diseases: diabetes, gestational diabetes, adult-onset diabetes in young people Taboo before the test: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the test, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should fast. Requirements for examination: When taking blood, you should relax your mind to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear and increase the difficulty of blood collection. Inspection process Fingertip blood sugar: about 10 yuan, tie finger detection, the advantage is that it can be tens of seconds of results is very convenient, the test results and blood draw results differ by 10% ~ 20%; the disadvantage is the finger blood sugar stability is poor, so can not be used To diagnose diabetes. Fasting blood glucose: about 14 yuan, venous blood is drawn, and the blood collected before 9:00 am and before breakfast is required. It is the most commonly used indicator for diagnosis of diabetes. 2 hours after meal, blood sugar: about 14 yuan, venous blood is drawn, most of which refers to two hours from the first mouth of breakfast, the test time should be 15 minutes before and after this time point; the inadequacy is after the meal There are many factors affecting blood sugar, and the time for blood drawing is limited, which is rarely used as a routine inspection item. Random blood sugar: about 14 yuan, venous blood, venous blood glucose at any time 24 hours a day. Not suitable for the crowd 1. Patients who have taken contraceptives, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones, etc., may affect the results of the examination and prohibit patients who have recently taken the drug history. 2, special diseases: patients with hematopoietic function to reduce disease, such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc., unless the examination is essential, try to draw less blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1, subcutaneous hemorrhage: due to pressing time less than 5 minutes or blood draw technology is not enough, etc. can cause subcutaneous bleeding. 2, discomfort: the puncture site may appear pain, swelling, tenderness, subcutaneous ecchymosis visible to the naked eye. 3, dizzy or fainting: in the blood draw, due to emotional overstress, fear, reflex caused by vagus nerve excitement, blood pressure decreased, etc. caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain caused by fainting or dizziness. 4. Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.