red blood cell test

Red blood cells, also known as red blood cells, are the most abundant blood cells in the blood and the most important medium for transporting oxygen through blood in vertebrates. It is checked to help identify red blood cell-related blood diseases. The red blood cell dilution is Hayem liquid. The action of sodium chloride is to regulate the osmotic pressure, sodium sulfate increases the density to prevent cell adhesion, and chlorinated high mercury is a preservative. Detection principle: The reference method is cyanmethemoglobin determination method, and the measurement wavelength is 540 nm. Basic Information Specialist classification: cardiovascular examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before, and avoid heavy drinking. Normal value Men are 3.8 million to 6 million/mm3, and women are 3.8 million to 5.5 million/mm3. The normal indicator is 3.5-5.5X1012/mm3. Clinical significance Abnormal result Most of the blood is red blood cells, which transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissue cells of the body and carry out the carbon dioxide. When the number of red blood cells is reduced, the oxygen carrying capacity will be reduced, becoming anoxic state, causing anemia, and in serious cases, life is at risk. However, if it is increased too much, the blood will become thicker, it will not flow easily, and the blood vessels will be easily blocked. The red blood cells are very small, containing 5 million red blood cells in 1 cubic millimeter of blood, and the number of red blood cells in the human body can reach 25 billion. The number of red blood cells can vary depending on external conditions and age. 1. Differences in age and gender. Because newborns get oxygen from maternal blood in a diffuse manner, they are usually in a physiological hypoxic state, so red blood cells are significantly increased, but they gradually decrease after 2 weeks of birth. Male children are the lowest at 6-7 years old, gradually rising with age, reaching a peak at 25-30 years old, and gradually decreasing with age after 30 years old, and have not stopped until 60 years old. In female children, they gradually increase with age, reaching the highest value when they are 13-15 years old, and the influence of factors such as menstruation and endocrine gradually declines after reaching the lowest level in 21-35 years old, and then gradually rises to be similar to male level. . The red blood cell counts of both sexes are significantly different between the ages of 15 and 40, which may be related to the higher male androgen levels during this period, and the testosterone has swollen red blood cell hematopoiesis. 2, mental factors emotional impulses, excitement, fear, cold water bath stimulation can increase the adrenaline, leading to a temporary increase in red blood cells. 3. Severe physical labor is mainly caused by relative hypoxia caused by increased oxygen demand during labor. Generally, when the body consumes 0.3-0.4L of muscle oxygen per minute, it can be increased to 2-2.5L. It can be reached -4.5L at this time, due to the increase in erythropoietin production, the bone marrow accelerates the release of red blood cells, resulting in an increase in erythrocytes. 4. When the air pressure is low, red blood cells can be compensatory hyperplasia due to hypoxia stimulation. The number of red blood cells of residents and mountaineers in the high mountain area is higher than normal, because the atmosphere is thin and the oxygen partial pressure is low. After the human body receives the stimulation of hypoxia, the level of erythropoietin in the plasma rises, causing more red blood cells in the bone marrow. 5, in the middle and late pregnancy, in order to adapt to the needs of placental circulation, through the regulation of nerves and body fluids, the plasma volume of pregnant women increased significantly and caused blood dilution, 6 months to 2 years old infants due to rapid growth and development of hematopoietic raw materials Relatively insufficient, some of the elderly have significantly reduced hematopoietic function, which can lead to red blood cell reduction, collectively referred to as physiological anemia. There are too few red blood cells in the blood, or too little hemoglobin, called anemia. The normal adult hemoglobin volume is 12-16 g/100 ml for men, 11-15 g/100 ml for women, 400-5.5 million/cubic mm for red blood cells, and 3.5-5 million/cubic mm for women. Anyone below the above indicators is anemia. People who need to be checked There are people who are weak and weak, sleepy, pale skin, mucous membranes, palpitations, dizziness, headache, tinnitus, vertigo, inattention, and lethargy. Low results may be diseases: anemia, angiosarcoma results may be high disease: congenital erythropoiesis abnormal anemia, secondary polycythemia considerations Taboo before the test: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the test, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should fast. Requirements for examination: When taking blood, you should relax your mind to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear and increase the difficulty of blood collection. Inspection process Abnormal morphology of a variety of mature red blood cells can be seen in blood smears, which is of great value for clinical diagnosis. Common red blood cell abnormalities are mainly manifested in the size, shape, staining, hemoglobin quantity and distribution, and inclusion bodies of red blood cells. Not suitable for the crowd People with a significant tendency to bleed. Adverse reactions and risks Subcutaneous hemorrhage: subcutaneous hemorrhage due to less than 5 minutes of compression time or blood draw technique.