atypical neutrophils

1. Uneven cell size Some cell bodies increase, some cells become smaller, and the cell size is very different. Seen in a long-term suppurative inflammation or chronic infection. It may be caused by irregular division and proliferation of naive neutrophils in the bone marrow under the action of factors such as endotoxin. 2. In the cytoplasm of neutrophils of poisoning granules, coarser and unevenly colored dark purple or blue-black particles appear as poisoning particles. It is fusiform or elliptical under electron microscope, with high density and high alkaline phosphatase activity. Such granules are more common in cases of more severe suppurative infections and extensive burns. Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) staining often shows a marked increase in enzyme activity in severe suppurative infections. 3. Vacuolar cells in the cytoplasm or nucleus of vacuolar granules vary in size and are generally considered to be damaged after the cells are damaged. The cytoplasm is caused by steatosis. Common in serious infections. Basic Information Specialist classification: cardiovascular examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: Generally normal. Positive: Prompt inflammation, infection. Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the blood draw, avoid heavy drinking. Normal value negative. Clinical significance Abnormal neutrophils appear: 1 Suppurative inflammation with a long duration of disease. 2 vacuolar degeneration serious infection, sepsis. 3 poisonous granules severe suppurative inflammation, extensive burns, malignant tumors, hepatic coma, pregnancy poisoning. 4 nuclear degeneration (nuclear pyknosis, nuclear lysis, nuclear fragmentation) serious infection, especially sepsis. Positive results may be diseases: precautions for sepsis The classification of white blood cells is greatly changed by factors such as technical factors and cell distribution factors, so the dispersion of classification counts is large, and the proportion of neutrophils and lymphocytes, which account for a large proportion in the classification, is normally distributed, accounting for a small proportion. Such as eosinophils, basophils and monocytes are Powson distribution. Inspection process 1. Take a small drop of blood on one end of the slide, and use a pusher to tilt the surface around 35° to 45° to leave a proper amount of voids to separate the thin blood of the head, body and tail. The length of the blood film is not less than 2.5 cm, and the remaining space to the other end of the slide is about 1 cm. The blood film is dried and stained. 2, Wright's Giemsa composite staining method: flat blood on the staining rack, add 3 to 5 drops of staining solution, immediately cover the blood film, add about 5 to 10 drops of buffer after about 30s, gently shake the slide Or gently blow the mixture to mix the dye solution with the buffer. After 5 to 10 minutes, rinse the dye solution with water and dry it for microscopic examination. 3, fast method: the rapid dyeing liquid A liquid, B liquid respectively in the appropriate size dyeing cylinder, the blood film first immersed in the liquid for 30s, washed, then immersed in the liquid for 30s, washed, after drying, microscopic examination. 4, microscopic examination: select the junction of the end of the blood film body, the red blood cells have not overlapped with oil mirror inspection, the inspection should have a certain direction up and down, and take into account the long edge of the long film diameter, otherwise affect the various types of cells The detection rate. Count 100 to 200 white blood cells, classify them according to their morphology, and find the percentage. Not suitable for the crowd 1. Patients who have taken contraceptives, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones, etc., may affect the results of the examination and prohibit patients who have recently taken the drug history. 2, special diseases: patients with hematopoietic function to reduce disease, such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc., unless the examination is essential, try to draw less blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1, subcutaneous hemorrhage: due to pressing time less than 5 minutes or blood draw technology is not enough, etc. can cause subcutaneous bleeding. 2, discomfort: the puncture site may appear pain, swelling, tenderness, subcutaneous ecchymosis visible to the naked eye. 3, dizzy or fainting: in the blood draw, due to emotional overstress, fear, reflex caused by vagus nerve excitement, blood pressure decreased, etc. caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain caused by fainting or dizziness. 4. Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.