serum magnesium

Magnesium is one of the most abundant cations in the body. Adults contain 0.823 to 1.234 mol of magnesium, 50% of which is present in bones, 45% in intracellular fluids, and 5% of extracellular fluids. Liver, kidney and muscle contain more magnesium. The content of magnesium in the cells is second only to potassium, and its concentration is about 10 times that of extracellular fluid. In the extracellular fluid, the content of magnesium ranks fourth only after sodium, potassium and calcium. Magnesium participates in the reaction and plays an important role in many physiological and chemical processes, such as activators of various enzymes. Alkaline and acid phosphatase, phosphomutase, pyrophosphatase, creatine kinase, hexokinase, leucine aminopeptidase and carboxylase, etc., their catalysis must be activated by magnesium ions, magnesium is also The elements necessary for the formation of DNA, RNA and ribosomal macromolecules are also important elements in maintaining normal nerve function and muscle. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: biochemical examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Reminder: Reagents and sample dosages can be scaled according to the requirements of different instruments. Normal value 0.8 to 1.0 mmol/L. Clinical significance (1) Increased serum magnesium 1 Kidney disease Anyone who affects glomerular filtration rate can make serum magnesium retention and increase. Such as chronic nephritis oliguria, uremia, acute or chronic renal failure. 2 endocrine diseases such as hypothyroidism (myxedema), hypoparathyroidism, Addison's disease, untreated diabetic coma (rapid decline after treatment). 3 improper treatment measures are often treated with magnesium preparations caused by poisoning. 4 other diseases, multiple myeloma, severe dehydration, arthritis, acute viral hepatitis, amebic liver abscess, oxalic acid poisoning. (2) serum magnesium reduction 1 The digestive tract loses long-term fasting, malabsorption or long-term loss of gastrointestinal fluid. Such as chronic diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome, intestinal fistula or biliary fistula after surgery, long-term attraction of gastric juice, alcohol poisoning and severe vomiting. 2 endocrine diseases hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, correction of diabetic acidosis, primary aldosteronism and long-term use of corticosteroids, increased urinary magnesium excretion. 3 treatment measures improper treatment with diuretics such as salimer or chlorothiazide, did not promptly add magnesium. Long-term intravenous infusion without magnesium rehydration. 4 other diseases acute pancreatitis can form magnesium soap around the pancreas; advanced cirrhosis, secondary aldosteronism; plus ascites diuretic; hypoalbuminemia can reduce magnesium binding; acute myocardial infarction, acute alcoholism and newborn Hepatitis, after intestinal resection of the baby, etc. (3) increased urinary magnesium excretion seen in various causes of polyuria, including long-term use of diuretics, renal tubular acidosis, primary aldosteronism, hypercortisolism, advanced treatment of diabetes, hyperparathyroidism, Corticosteroid therapy and tumor bone metastasis. (4) Reduction of urinary magnesium excretion can be seen in long-term fasting, anorexia, malabsorption, hypoparathyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency. Precautions Mix and set for 5 min, use a wavelength of 600 nm or red filter, light path 1.0 cm colorimetric, adjust the absorbance to 0 point with a blank tube, and read the absorbance of each tube. Inspection process (1) Reagents and sample dosages can be scaled according to the requirements of different instruments. (2) If the test result is outside the test range, the sample should be diluted and tested, the number of factors adjusted or the result multiplied by the dilution factor. (3) Accuracy of the results The instrument is calibrated and the temperature and time are controlled. (4) A clinical diagnosis is made by the doctor based on clinical symptoms and other test results. Not suitable for the crowd A patient with hemophilia and severe clotting factor deficiency. Adverse reactions and risks Discomfort: There may be pain, swelling, tenderness, and visible subcutaneous ecchymosis at the puncture site.