blood glucose

Under normal circumstances, the decomposition and anabolism of sugar in the human body is in a dynamic equilibrium and remains relatively constant. Serum glucose refers to the concentration of glucose in the blood. After fasting for 8 to 12 hours, venous blood is taken from the fasting. The specimen is sent for examination within 1 hour. Blood glucose measurement is one of the most important examination items for diagnosis of diabetes. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: To determine fasting blood glucose, it is necessary to measure blood on an empty stomach before 8 am, especially in patients treated with insulin. Normal value Adults 4.2 to 6.0 mmoL/L. Children 3.3 ~ 5.5mmoL / L. Clinical significance Abnormal result Elevated in diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, hyperthyroidism, myocardial infarction, hypercortisolism, acromegaly, pheochromocytoma, glucagonoma; brain trauma, cerebral hemorrhage. Brain tumors, meningitis; vomiting, dehydration, general anesthesia during pregnancy; patients with cirrhosis often have elevated blood sugar, which may be related to elevated growth hormone and glucagon. Reduces excessive insulin secretion caused by various causes or insufficient hormone secretion against insulin, thyroid insufficiency, adrenal insufficiency, pituitary cachexia, acute progressive liver disease (acute yellow liver atrophy, acute hepatitis, liver cancer, phosphorus and arsenic Poisoning, etc., neonatal hypoglycemia, etc. 1, fasting blood glucose is 6.1 ~ 7.0mmoL / L, considered for impaired fasting blood glucose. 2, fasting blood glucose? 7.0mmoL / L, considered for diabetes. 3, fasting blood glucose <2.8mmoL / L, or starvation for 24 hours can occur typical hypoglycemic episodes. 4, diabetes control goals (Asia-Pacific type 2 diabetes policy group, July 2002) fasting blood glucose 4.4 ~ 6.1mmoL / L is ideal control, ? 7.0mmoL / L for good control, > 7.0mmoL / L for poor control. Combined with glycosylated hemoglobin detection, it is more accurately determined whether or not diabetes is controlled. Need to check the abnormal blood sugar in the population. High results may be diseases: hyperosmolar nonketotic hyperglycemia coma, congenital hyperammonemia in children, precautions for diabetes in the elderly Taboo before inspection: 1, determination of fasting blood glucose, must be measured before the 8:00 in the morning, especially in patients treated with insulin, fasting blood must be in the morning before the usual injection of insulin, otherwise the measured blood sugar will increase and can not truly reflect The control of diabetes. 2, various stress conditions, blood sugar will also increase, such as mood fluctuations, insomnia, fever, fatigue, etc. can affect blood sugar, so should go to the hospital to avoid strenuous exercise. 3. If you want to determine the blood sugar 2 hours after the meal in order to determine whether there is diabetes, you can eat according to the normal food intake (but not less than 100g staple food) or eat 100g steamed bread, and take blood 2 hours after the meal. 4. For diabetic patients who have been treated with oral hypoglycemic or insulin, the blood glucose is measured 2 hours after meal to observe the efficacy of the drug. Therefore, it is necessary to take the medicine and eat as usual, and take blood after 2 hours. Fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose are best measured in 2 days. Requirements for inspection: Maintain a normal state of mind with the doctor. Inspection process 2 ml of blood was collected on an empty stomach, and sodium fluoride-potassium oxalate was used for anticoagulation, and plasma was separated. Not suitable for the crowd A patient with hemophilia and severe clotting factor deficiency. Adverse reactions and risks Subcutaneous hemorrhage: subcutaneous hemorrhage due to less than 5 minutes of compression time or blood draw technique.