Hyaluronic acid

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a macromolecular grape aminopolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 40 million to 80 million, mainly synthesized by mesenchymal cells. HA is mainly found in connective tissues, skin, joint fluid, cartilage, and vitreous humor. The tissue matrix that makes up the site. Serum HA is a good indicator of liver endothelial cell function, reflecting active fibrosis and predicting cirrhosis. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: The ability to break down hyaluronic acid is reduced, and the hyaluronic acid in the serum is increased, which is proportional to the degree of the lesion. Normal value (57 ± 27) μg / L. Clinical significance Serum HA levels mainly reflect the function and damage of liver endothelial cells. (1) The course of cirrhosis is long, the degree of hepatic fibrosis is severe, and the serum HA level is significantly increased, even above 1000 μg/L, mainly due to portal-caval venous shunt during cirrhosis, and the circulation of blood carrying HA into the liver is reduced. The liver tissue is damaged, the number of liver endothelial cells is reduced, and the metabolic function is reduced. The level of HA elevation in liver cirrhosis is closely related to the degree of pathological changes in liver tissue. The HA level is 250 μg/L, which can be judged as cirrhosis. (2) Serum HA levels in chronic active hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis also changed significantly. The former was higher than the latter, and its level was also related to liver cell damage and liver fibrosis activity. HA level of 165μg / L, can be used as a boundary between chronic active hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis. (3) Acute hepatitis Due to damage of liver cells, necrotic substances indirectly stimulate the synthesis of HA in liver stromal cells, and serum HA levels may be slightly elevated. For patients with liver disease, the overall level of HA is manifested as cirrhosis > chronic active hepatitis > chronic persistent hepatitis > acute hepatitis depending on the extent of pathological changes. HA can be seen as an indicator of hepatic fibrosis damage, superior to ALT. Because ALT stops in the liver cells, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, but not elevated. (4) Liver cancer HA can also be significantly increased. (5) Lung cancer due to increased release of HA and hyaluronidase inhibitors in cancer infiltrating tissues and surrounding connective tissue, especially in lung mesothelial cell carcinoma, serum HA levels can be significantly increased, and alveolar lavage fluid HA (BAL-HA) The level of increase far exceeds the level of serum HA (S-HA). If the ratio of BAL-HA/S-HA is significantly increased, it has certain reference value for the diagnosis of malignant tumors of the lung. (6) The serum HA level of chronic nephritis and chronic renal insufficiency was significantly higher than that of the normal control group, and positively correlated with creatinine and urea nitrogen. Serum HA can reflect the degree of damage to renal function during nephropathy. This is related to the accumulation of toxic metabolites in the blood to stimulate the synthesis of HA in tissue mesenchymal cells. There was no significant change in HA level before and after renal dialysis. Since HA is a macromolecular substance, and the dialysis membrane can only filter substances with a molecular weight of less than 35,000, the dialysis method cannot remove HA. HA as an indicator of renal dysfunction, reflecting the degree of renal damage has a certain reference value. High results may be diseases: liver cirrhosis, hair follicular mucinopathy, primary peritoneal cancer considerations When the liver and kidney function is impaired, the ability to break down hyaluronic acid is reduced, and the hyaluronic acid in the serum is increased, which is proportional to the degree of the lesion. Inspection process RIA method. Not suitable for the crowd No taboos. Adverse reactions and risks Discomfort: There may be pain, swelling, tenderness, and visible subcutaneous ecchymosis at the puncture site.