degree of bone marrow hyperplasia

Bone marrow is the most important hematopoietic organ in the human body. By taking bone marrow for bone marrow examination, it can diagnose hematopoietic diseases (such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, multiple myeloma, etc.) and judge prognosis, and assist in the diagnosis of certain diseases (such as various Bone metastasis of malignant tumors, myeloproliferative disorders, anemia, etc.) can also improve the diagnosis rate of certain diseases (such as malaria, kala-azar, lupus erythematosus, etc.). The degree of proliferation of bone marrow cells is to observe the ratio of cells with nucleus (including nucleated young red blood cells) and mature red blood cells without nucleus in bone marrow smears under microscope, to determine the formation of bone marrow cells and to guide the diagnosis of primary hematopoietic system. disease. The more nucleated cells, the higher the degree of bone marrow cell proliferation. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Preoperative patients should follow the doctor's instructions to position themselves. Normal value Active for proliferation, nucleated cells account for 0.01 to 0.10 of mature red blood cells. (usually divided into five grades of hyperplasia, hyperplasia, hyperplasia, hyperplasia, hyperplasia, hyperplasia). Clinical significance Abnormal results: (1) Extremely low hyperplasia is seen in typical aplastic anemia. (2) Proliferative reduction is seen in aplastic anemia and a small number of low-proliferative leukemia, tumor, leukemia and other chemotherapy when bone marrow is inhibited. (3) Proliferative activity is seen in healthy people, non-primary hematopoietic diseases and early lymphoma, multiple myeloma, blood diseases that have not yet developed hematopoietic disorders, and a few atypical leukemias, anemias, and bacterial infections. (4) hyperplasia is markedly active in all types of proliferative anemia (peripheral blood test see red blood cells, hemoglobin decline, and bone marrow cell proliferation), such as iron deficiency anemia, hemolytic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, acute blood loss, etc., caused by drugs Bone marrow reaction, bacterial infection, atypical acute and chronic leukemia, myeloproliferative diseases, hypersplenism and so on. (5) Hyperplasia is extremely active in various typical acute and chronic leukemias and various myeloproliferative diseases, as well as after treatment of certain biologically active agents. The people who need to be examined are people with pale, dizzy, weak, palpitations, shortness of breath, and other symptoms of anemia; early people with mild skin and mucous membrane bleeding, bleeding gums or nasal discharge; liver, spleen, lymph nodes People with mild swelling or sternal tenderness, ribs or joint pain in the limbs. Low results may be diseases: pediatric renal anemia, multiple myeloma, pediatric primary thrombocytosis, pediatric aplastic anemia, pediatric Jacques syndrome, myelodysplastic syndrome, hypoplastic acute leukemia, Xiaolang Lang Ghan's cell histiocytosis results are high, may be diseases: considerations for myeloproliferative diseases Preoperative preparation: The patient is placed in accordance with the doctor's instructions. Inspection process Inspection method: bone marrow examination. Inspection process: 1. Select the puncture site. 2. Anesthesia. 3. Fix the length of the needle. 4. The doctor's left thumb and finger are fixed at the puncture site. The right hand-held bone marrow puncture needle is inserted perpendicularly to the bone surface. If the sternum is puncture, it should be inserted at an angle of 30o to 40o with the bone surface. When the needle tip touches the bone, rotate the needle along the long axis of the needle of the needle and push it forward to slowly penetrate the bone. 5. Extract the bone marrow fluid and pull out the needle core, connect the dry syringe (10m1 or 201m1), and use the appropriate force to extract the bone marrow fluid. 6. Smear: It is required that the smear slide and push piece should be clean, no putty pollution, the smear should be thin and uniform, the number of smears is about 10, and two blood samples are used for comparison. 7. Staining: Commonly used Wright-Gemsa mixed staining method; cytochemical staining is often used together. 8. Microscopic observation. Not suitable for the crowd Hemophilia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, if there is no special need, do not do bone marrow puncture. Adverse reactions and risks Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.