azide-methaemoglobin

The Hb measurement is roughly divided into: 1 according to the Hb molecular composition, the total Hb method (whole blood iron method); 2 according to the physical characteristics of the blood Hb (specific gravity method, refractometer method); 3 according to the reversible binding characteristics of Hb and O2 Hb (blood gas fractionation method); 4 quantitative determination according to the spectral characteristics of Hb derivatives, etc., some of which are simple and easy to use, and have been widely used for a long time (such as Shali method), but with the advancement of technology and The depth of the research and the shortcomings have become increasingly prominent and gradually eliminated. In order to unify the Hb measurement method, the International Hematology Standardization Committee recommended the cyanide high-iron Hb measurement method as the Hb measurement standard method in 1966. The HiCN method was reiterated in an international document published jointly by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and the World Pathology Society in 1978. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Physiological changes in the middle and late stages of pregnancy. Normal value: Adult male: 120-170g/L Adult female: 110-150g/L Newborn: 170-220g/L Above normal: Polycythemia, long-term hypoxia (purpuric congenital heart disease, pulmonary heart disease, chronic mountain disease, severe emphysema), chronic carbon monoxide poisoning. negative: Positive: Tips: Keep a normal mindset. Normal value Adult males (120-170) g/L; adult women (110-150) g/L; neonates (170-220) g/L. Clinical significance (1) Increase: 1 physiological changes in neonates, residents in high mountains, strenuous physical labor or sports, super-powered people. 2 pathological changes: A. Polycythemia (secondary or relative) a large number of dehydration caused by blood concentration (severe vomiting, frequent diarrhea, excessive sweating, polyuria, severe burns, long-term fasting), long-term hypoxia (purpuric congenital Heart disease, pulmonary heart disease, chronic mountain disease, severe emphysema, chronic carbon monoxide poisoning. B. Polycythemia vera. (2) Reduction: 1 physiological changes in the middle and late stages of pregnancy. 2 pathological changes: A. Hemorrhagic anemia visceral hemorrhage, hemophilia, thrombocytopenic purpura and the like. B. Hemolytic anemia congenital hemolytic anemia (thalassemia, faba bean disease, congenital non-spherical red blood cell anemia, congenital hemolytic jaundice, etc.), acquired anemia (autoimmune hemolytic anemia, neonatal hemolytic disease, array Primary sleepy hemoglobinuria, red blood cell debris syndrome, drug-induced hemolytic anemia quinine, quinidine, phenacetin, etc., toxic hemolytic anemia benzene, lead, arsenic, etc., infectious hemolytic anemia). C. Hematopoietic anemia, iron deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia, malnutrition anemia, aplastic anemia, etc. High results may be diseases: emphysema, carbon monoxide poisoning precautions Other hemoglobin assays: Zander (1984) proposed an alkali hydroxyl Hb (AHD575) assay with a detection wavelength of 575 nm. The reagent is simple. Does not contain poisons. It is stable in color and can be used as a standard by hemin. It has been used by many units. However, since the automatic blood cell analyzer or the hemoglobin meter uses a filter plate of about 540 nm (the maximum absorption peak of HiCN is 540 nm), the use of this method in such instruments is limited. Saliline acidification Hb assay. Although the operation is simple but the error is large, it has been listed as an experimental project eliminated by the county or above hospitals. In recent years, the application of multi-parameter blood cell analyzer has made the Hb measurement gradually replace the manual method with the instrument method. The advantage is that the operation is simple and fast, and multiple red blood cell parameters can be obtained at the same time. However, due to the different hemolytic agents used in each type of instrument, The derivatives forming Hb are different. Some hemolytic agents form derivatives with poor stability (such as 2% cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), so strict control of the amount of hemolytic agent added and hemolysis time, especially semi-automatic blood cell analyzers need to strictly control the experiment condition. Although some KH is added to some hemolytic agents, the derivative is not HiCN. The instrument must be calibrated by HiCN standard solution before Hb determination can be performed. Inspection process The method is fast and stable in experimentation. Reagent toxicity is only 1/7 of that of HICN. There are still people in clinical use. But there are still public hazards. Not suitable for the crowd Have a coagulopathy such as hemophilia. Adverse reactions and risks Bleeding: After blood collection, use sterile cotton lump or other disinfecting hemostatic articles to tighten the needle to stop bleeding, especially for patients with coagulopathy should be given sufficient time to avoid bleeding.