insulin

Insulin is a protein consisting of 51 amino acids secreted by islet β cells, with a molecular weight of 5734. It is formed by the two peptide chains A and B linked by disulfide bonds, and is mainly secreted by islet β cells. Insulin promotes the uptake and utilization of glucose by tissues such as liver, muscle and fat, inhibits glycogen decomposition and gluconeogenesis, promotes protein and fat synthesis, and inhibits protein, fat decomposition and ketone body formation. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: endocrine examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: According to the nutritional status of the whole body, milk, eggs, fruits, soy milk, etc. are given in the meal. Normal value The molecular weight is 5734, which consists of two peptide chains A and B. Clinical significance The main factor regulating the circulating insulin content in blood is blood glucose concentration. The glucose tolerance test (OGTT) combined with insulin release test is often used to understand the function of islet β cells. Precautions Most of the insulin secreted by islet β cells is inactivated in liver and kidney, and about 40% to 50% of them are inactivated through the portal vein. Therefore, liver and kidney function, especially liver function, is an important factor affecting insulin content in circulating blood. Diabetes patients often use insulin, especially animal insulin, to produce insulin anti-antibodies in the body. Because insulin and insulin anti-antibodies can produce a high immune response, it can affect the determination of plasma islet insulin. In addition, blood proinsulin, pro-proinsulin content and endocrine system diseases such as anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex, thyroid hyperthyroidism, thiazide diuretics, glucocorticoids and other drugs as well as infection, fever, surgery and other stress states It is a common factor affecting the determination of insulin. Inspection process Operate according to Table 1. Mix thoroughly, let stand for 20 min at 4 ° C, centrifuge 2000 g, 20 min, discard the supernatant, and measure the radioactivity. Not suitable for the crowd Generally there are no people who are not suitable. Adverse reactions and risks Generally no adverse reactions.