chest ultrasound

Chest B-ultrasound is used to: 1. Determine the location and nature of pleural lesions, understand the shape, thickness, continuity of the pleura, whether there is a tumor, whether it involves the chest wall, ribs, and pay attention to the pleural lesions during respiratory exercise. No adhesion, observe whether the chest water is combined. 2. Peripheral lung occupying lesions: understanding the location, size, shape, physical properties of the pathogen, internal structure and surrounding anatomical relationship. 3. Atelectasis and pneumonia lesions: observe the degree of gas in the lungs, the structure of the lungs, the presence or absence of tumors, the shape, location, and movement of the lungs. 4. Pleural effusion (pleural effusion): Estimate the amount of pleural effusion, judge its nature, and observe whether there are parcels, multiple rooms, and fibrosis. 5. Mediastinal space-occupying lesions: understand the size, shape, internal structure of the lesion, and the morphology and relationship of adjacent large blood vessels. 6. Diaphragm lesions: observe the shape, location, and activity of the diaphragm. 7. Percutaneous cytology and tissue biopsy of the chest wall, lung and mediastinal lesions under ultrasound guidance. Basic Information Specialist Category: Respiratory Examination Category: Ultrasound Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Before the ultrasound examination, refer to the chest X-ray, CT or MRI film to indicate the location of the lesion, and carry out the exploration of the corresponding parts and regions, which can shorten the exploration time. Normal value The normal manifestations were: no dark areas were found in the thoracic cavity, and there were no abnormal ultrasound echoes in the lungs, pleura, and mediastinum. Clinical significance 1. In the pleural cavity, there is a liquid dark area or a confined semicircular or flat liquid dark area, considering pleural effusion, hemorrhage, empyema or parcel. 2. There are strong echoes and low internal echoes on the surface of the lung tissue. It is necessary to consider bronchial cysts, lung abscesses, and pulmonary hydatid cysts. 3. In the chest wall, the pleura and the lung tissue, there are irregular hypoechoic, the boundaries are not equal, and the internal echo is uneven. It is necessary to consider the possibility of lung tumor, tuberculosis, and lung consolidation. 4. In the sternal fat exploration, low to moderate echo solid masses were found, which were spherical or lobulated, and the internal echo was uniform or uneven. Considering intrathoracic thyroid, teratoma, thymoma, malignant lymphoma, etc. Possible. 5.B ultrasound examination of the soft tissue and pleura of the chest wall is not interfered by the lungs. High-frequency ultrasound can clearly show the anatomical structure of the chest wall through the intercostals, and its resolution is better than X-ray, even CT and MRI. If you can pay attention to changes in the pleura during breathing exercise, you can determine whether there is adhesion and pleural effusion. 6. Ultrasound shows that pleural effusion is very sensitive and accurate. It can not only display a small amount of pleural effusion, but also can estimate the amount of fluid, determine the location of the effusion and assist in the placement of pleural effusion, empyema, lung cancer, or inject antibiotics and anticancer drugs. Precautions 1. It is suitable to use a fan-shaped or convex probe at the time of inspection, the frequency range is 3.5-5.5MHz. In order to obtain a clear image, the sensitivity and gain of the instrument can be appropriately adjusted according to different body types. 2. Before the ultrasound examination, refer to the chest X-ray, CT or MRI film to indicate the lesion site, and carry out the exploration of the corresponding parts and regions, which can shorten the exploration time. 3. Record the examination position, the location of the lesion, the size of the range, the internal echo characteristics, and the depth of the surface to help make two malignant judgments and prompts for some written lesions. Body surface projection can be made if necessary for pleural effusion and pleural biopsy. 4. In order to observe the mediastinal lesions, the patient needs to scan under the condition of breath holding after exhalation, which can reduce the interference of gas in the lungs. The width of the intercostal space, the gas content in the lungs and the respiratory movement all affect the scanning results. It is important to make full use of the different states of inhalation and exhalation. Inspection process Generally choose the sitting position or the back position, and then check by the instrument. Not suitable for the crowd There are traumatic injuries in the chest. Adverse reactions and risks Generally no adverse reactions.