Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is a β-lactamase characterized by inactivation of narrow-spectrum and broad-spectrum cephalosporins, monocyclic antibiotics, and anti-gram-negative bacilli penicillin. Changes in bacterial membrane permeability - making antibiotics unable or rarely enter the body of the bacteria to reach the target site. The development of bacterial resistance from hospital strains (such as Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus) to out-of-hospital strains (such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae), resistance to resistance to a single drug The drug develops to multi-drug resistance, such as Staphylococcus aureus resistance to penicillin; ESBL strain is resistant to a variety of commonly used antibiotics. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: biochemical examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Pay attention to normal eating habits before checking, pay attention to maintain normal routine. Normal value The type and proportion of the flora in the body are normal, and the human body is in a dynamic balance. Clinical significance The mechanism of bacterial resistance: 1. Inactivated enzymes - mainly beta-lactamases (more than 200), which render antibiotics ineffective. 2. Target changes - changes in target sites associated with antibiotics, resulting in decreased antibiotic action. 3. Changes in bacterial membrane permeability - making antibiotics unable or rarely enter the bacteria to reach the target site. The development of bacterial resistance from hospital strains (such as Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus) to out-of-hospital strains (such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae), resistance to resistance to a single drug The drug develops to multi-drug resistance, such as Staphylococcus aureus resistance to penicillin; ESBL strain is resistant to a variety of commonly used antibiotics. Abnormal results: Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, etc. but with antibiotics are not effective or the effect is not obvious, bacteria produce drug resistance. People who need to be examined: patients with the above conditions. Precautions Taboo before the test: pay attention to normal eating habits, pay attention to maintain normal work and rest. Requirements for inspection: Actively cooperate with the doctor. Inspection process 1.E-test method Ceftazidime is generally considered to be one of the best substrates for identifying ESBL. The ratio of the MIC of a single ceftazidime to ceftazidime/clavulanic acid is greater than 4. 2. Double paper method The zone of inhibition containing ceftazidime paper was enlarged by the presence of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Not suitable for the crowd Generally there are no people who are not suitable. Adverse reactions and risks Generally no adverse reactions.