Bone marrow analysis

Bone marrow image analysis refers to the comprehensive analysis of the bone marrow cell proliferation degree, bone marrow cell count, and the percentage of red blood, and the final bone marrow image report and conclusion. Basic Information Specialist classification: neurological examination classification: microscopy Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Preoperative patients should follow the doctor's instructions to position themselves. Normal value Myeloid hyperplasia is active, and the proportion of hematopoietic cells in various systems and stages is normal, and there are no abnormal cells and parasites. Clinical significance Abnormal result 1. The proportion of blast cells exceeds 30%, which is generally considered to be the main diagnostic criteria for acute leukemia. If these cells are positive for peroxidase staining (POX), consider acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, including granulocytes, monocytes, and granulocyte-monocytic leukemia; if these primordial cells are POX-negative, glycogen staining (PAS) Positive, consider acute lymphoblastic leukemia, erythroleukemia or megakaryoblastic leukemia. 2. Abnormal increase of granulocytes, mainly in the mature stage, if the neutrophil alkaline phosphatase staining (NAP) staining is high, consider the leukemia-like reaction caused by infection (a strong inflammatory response, not leukemia) ), while a low or negative positive is considered to be chronic myeloid leukemia. 3. Red blood cell system hyperplasia, mostly hyperplastic anemia. The red color of the red blood cells is lighter and the volume is smaller, which often indicates iron deficiency anemia. The volume increase and early red blood cell increase may be megaloblastic anemia. The red blood cell size is different and the abnormal morphology is often hemolytic anemia. . 4. Both granulocytes and red blood cells are reduced, megakaryocytes are also reduced, and the proportion of lymphocytes may be aplastic anemia. The blood cell reduction of a single system is often a reproductive disorder of a simple single blood cell system. People who need to be checked People with anemia symptoms should be examined if they have abnormal fever or bleeding. High results may be diseases: pediatric hepatitis aplastic anemia syndrome, childhood adult chronic myeloid leukemia, pediatric acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, pediatric infectious mononucleosis, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Pediatric beta thalassemia, pediatric idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, pediatric congenital leukocyte granule abnormal syndrome considerations Preoperative preparation: The patient is placed in accordance with the doctor's instructions. Inspection process Inspection method: bone marrow examination. Inspection process: 1. Select the puncture site. 2. Anesthesia. 3. Fix the length of the needle. 4. The doctor's left thumb and finger are fixed at the puncture site. The right hand-held bone marrow puncture needle is inserted perpendicularly to the bone surface. If the sternum is puncture, it should be inserted at an angle of 30o to 40o with the bone surface. When the needle tip touches the bone, rotate the needle along the long axis of the needle of the needle and push it forward to slowly penetrate the bone. 5. Extract the bone marrow fluid and pull out the needle core, connect the dry syringe (10m1 or 201m1), and use the appropriate force to extract the bone marrow fluid. When the needle is in the medullary cavity, it will feel sharp and sore when pumping, and even if there is red bone marrow fluid into the syringe. The bone marrow fluid to be extracted is generally 0.1 to 0.2 ml. Not suitable for the crowd Hemophilia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, if there is no special need, do not do bone marrow puncture. Adverse reactions and risks Infection and bleeding may occur.