bone marrow granulocyte system

The myeloid granulocyte system is a type of bone marrow cytology. Bone marrow cytology is the most valuable for diagnosing hematopoietic diseases. It is also useful for diagnosing other non-hematopoietic diseases, hepatosplenomegaly with unexplained fever, cachexia, and unexplained causes. Differential diagnosis. Basic Information Specialist classification: cardiovascular examination classification: microscopy Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Preoperative patients should follow the doctor's instructions to position themselves. Normal value The original blood cells are 0 to 0.007 (0 to 0.7%). The original granulocytes are 0 to 0.0180 (0 to 1.8%). Promyelocytes are 0.004 to 0.039 (0.4% to 3.9%). Neutrophil Young and middle aged 0.022 ~ 0.122 (2.2% ~ 12.2%). Younger age 0.035 ~ 0.132 (3.5% ~ 13.2%). The rod-shaped core is 0.164 to 0.321 (16.4% to 32.1%). The lobulated core is 0.042 to 0.212 (4.2% to 21.2%). Eosinophil Young and middle 0 to 0.014 (0 to 1.4%). Younger 0 to 0.018 (0 to 1.8%). The rod-shaped core is 0.002 to 0.039 (0.2% to 3.9%). The leaf nucleus is 0 to 0.042 (0 to 4.2%). Basophils 0 to 0.002 (0 to 0.2%). Younger 0 to 0.003 (0 to 0.3%). The rod-shaped core is 0 to 0.004 (0 to 0.4%). The leaf nucleus is 0 to 0.002 (0 to 0.2%). Clinical significance Abnormal result increase: 1 The primary granules and promyelocytic cells (20% to 90%) are acute acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia. At this time, granulocyte morphological abnormalities are often associated with difficulty in identification. In the acute change of chronic myeloid leukemia, in addition to the increase of primordial cells, it can be seen that the middle and late granules increase and the proportion of basophils increases. 2 Neutrophilic granulocyte (20% to 50%) is mainly subacute granulocyte leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia. 3 The effects of neutral promyelocytes and rod-shaped neutrophils on various acute infections (bacteria, spirochetes, protozoa), metabolic disorders (uremia, diabetes, acidosis, gout), certain drugs and toxins (mercury, injection of heterologous protein) severe burns, acute blood loss, major surgery, malignant tumors, chronic myeloid leukemia. 4 eosinophilic allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, Luvus syndrome, tropical eosinophilia), parasitic infections (Trichinella, Schistosoma, paragonimiasis. Certain blood diseases (chronic myeloid leukemia) , eosinophilic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease). 5 basophilic granulocytic leukemia, basophilic leukemia, deep X-ray irradiation reaction. cut back: A variety of chemical and physical factors and serious viral infections, at this time there are mature stagnation and abnormal granulocyte morphology, such as toxic particles and vacuoles. Low results may be diseases: high white (granulocyte) cytopenia results may be high disease: mixed chronic high altitude disease considerations Preoperative preparation: The patient is placed in accordance with the doctor's instructions. Inspection process Inspection method: bone marrow examination. Inspection process: 1. Select the puncture site. 2. Anesthesia. 3. Fix the length of the needle. 4. The doctor's left thumb and finger are fixed at the puncture site. The right hand-held bone marrow puncture needle is inserted perpendicularly to the bone surface. If the sternum is puncture, it should be inserted at an angle of 30o to 40o with the bone surface. When the needle tip touches the bone, rotate the needle along the long axis of the needle of the needle and push it forward to slowly penetrate the bone. 5. Extract the bone marrow fluid and pull out the needle core, connect the dry syringe (10m1 or 201m1), and use the appropriate force to extract the bone marrow fluid. Bone marrow cytology check steps: 1. Smear: It is required that the smear slide and push piece should be clean, no putty pollution, the smear should be thin and uniform, the number of smears is about 10, and two blood samples are used for comparison. 2. Dyeing: commonly used Wright-Gemsa mixed staining; cytochemical staining is often used together. 3. Low magnification examination: to determine the degree of bone marrow hyperplasia, usually the ratio of mature red blood cells to nucleated cells in bone marrow slices to determine the bone marrow hyperplasia 4. Oil Mirror Inspection: Select the cells to be evenly distributed. Under the oil microscope, classify and count at least 200 nucleated cells, and pay attention to whether there is qualitative change. Not suitable for the crowd Hemophilia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, if there is no special need, do not do bone marrow puncture. Adverse reactions and risks There may be bleeding and infection.