Ultrasonography of Gastrointestinal Disorders

The gastrointestinal tract is a hollow organ, which is often affected by gas. Ultrasound is not easy to obtain a satisfactory sonogram from the surface. The diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases often depends on the gastroscope and x-ray barium meal examination. In recent years, due to the development and application of two techniques, gastrointestinal contrast angiography and endoscopic ultrasound, the diagnostic range of gastrointestinal diseases has been broadened. Ultrasound examination can clearly show the gastrointestinal wall structure, find the location, size and shape of the gastrointestinal wall tumor, estimate the degree of lesion invasion of the gastrointestinal wall, especially to understand the transfer of surrounding organs, make up for the deficiency of gastroscope and x-ray examination It provides a reliable basis for the selection of clinical treatment options. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: ultrasound Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: The bowel examination method needs to check the day before dinner for fasting and water ban. Normal value Normal value: The thickness of each part of the thickness of the stomach wall should be <5mm, the anteroposterior diameter of the gastric cavity (measured after drinking 500ml), 5.5±0.86cm in the cardia, 3.9±1.12cm in the stomach, 2.72±0.82cm in the antrum, and the anterior and posterior diameter of the stomach. In the sinus, the stomach drinking water is drained within 1 hour. Clinical significance Abnormal results. 1. The sonogram has great value in determining the extent and depth of gastric cancer and its invasion. Endoscopic ultrasound helps to determine the stage of early gastric cancer and gastric cancer, especially for flat early gastric cancer. 2, the sensitivity of ultrasound diagnosis of gastric ulcer is low, for superficial ulcers or small ulcers are easy to miss diagnosis, so routine imaging examination should be preferred X-ray barium angiography and gastroscopy. However, ultrasound can provide excellent follow-up examination methods for patients undergoing medical treatment to understand the progress and healing of ulcers, and as an objective basis for judging the efficacy. 3, immediate ultrasound examination for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal perforation has a unique advantage, it can make up for the lack of X-ray abdominal fluoroscopy. 4, in the evaluation of acute appendicitis, diagnosis of appendix with or without perforation and other complications, and differential diagnosis has become a more effective diagnostic method. Need to check the crowd: suspected gastrointestinal disease, nausea and vomiting and other symptoms. Low results may be diseases: elderly irritable bowel syndrome, gastroparesis syndrome precautions Pre-examination taboo: pay attention to eating habits, so as not to aggravate the condition, promptly see a doctor, before the check-up, you need to fast until the morning check after dinner. Requirements for examination: At the time of examination, oral contrast agent (10~20ml of gastric rapid imaging agent added to warm water) 500~800ml is needed to make the stomach fill. The sensitivity of acoustic diagnosis of gastric ulcer is low. It is easy to miss the diagnosis of superficial ulcer or small ulcer. Therefore, X-ray barium angiography and gastroscopy should be the first choice for routine imaging examination. However, ultrasound can provide excellent follow-up examination methods for patients undergoing medical treatment to understand the progress and healing of ulcers, and as an objective basis for judging the efficacy. Therefore, patients need to follow the doctor's instructions to do the relevant steps. Inspection process (1) Transabdominal wall ultrasonography Fasting examination: The examination should be fasted for 8-12 hours and checked on an empty stomach. (two) gastrointestinal contrast ultrasound (1) Gastrointestinal examination: Before the examination, it is necessary to fast until the morning check after dinner. At the time of examination, an oral contrast agent (10-20 ml of gastric rapid imaging agent is added to warm water) 500-800 ml is required to fill the stomach. (2) intestinal angiography: check the day before dinner for fasting, water ban, 1-2 hours before the angiography, fasting 50% barium sulfate suspension about 200-400ml. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: Generally there are no people who are not suitable. Adverse reactions and risks Generally no adverse reactions.