Gynecological Ultrasound

B-ultrasound is a medical examination item that patients often come into contact with at the time of treatment. Clinically, it is widely used in the diagnosis of cardiology, gastroenterology, urology and obstetrics and gynecology. The USG is widely used in obstetrics and gynaecology, especially in obstetrics, and is the preferred method for imaging diagnosis. B-ultrasound is widely used in the diagnosis of cardiology, gastroenterology, urology and obstetrics and gynecology. The USG is widely used in the field of gynecology, especially for the diagnosis of pelvic masses. The uterus and the egg have a good acoustic interface. When the lesion is proliferated and swollen, it contains more liquid or envelope, and the interface is clear. Basic Information Specialist classification: gynecological examination classification: ultrasound Applicable gender: whether women are fasting: not fasting Tips: Need to fill the bladder. Please drink 1000-1500 ml (or various drinks) 1-2 hours before coming to the hospital. Do not urinate after drinking water, so that the bladder is properly filled for inspection. Normal value First, the uterus: It is necessary to measure three radial lines, the longitudinal diameter, the transverse diameter and the anteroposterior diameter of the uterus. 1. Measurement of uterine longitudinal diameter (upper and lower diameter). (1) Measuring the sagittal section of the uterus of the facet. It is necessary to clearly show the two layers of symmetrical cuts from the bottom of the uterus to the internal cervix, the muscular layer and the endometrium. (2) Measure the distance between the outer edge of the uterine uterus and the internal cervix. The distance between the internal cervix of the cervix and the external cervix. (3) Normal value of the palace body 5.0 soil 1.0cm. The cervix is ​​2.5-3.0 cm. 2, the transverse diameter of the uterus (left and right diameter) measurement: (1) Measuring the coronal section of the facet of the face. It is necessary to cross the uterus and measure it in the middle of the palace and when the image has an elliptical maximum section (not in a triangular image). (2) Measure the position through the maximum left and right diameter of the uterus. (3) Normal value 4.3 soil 0.73 cm. 3, uterine anterior and posterior diameter measurement (also measured the distance between the outer edge of the two layers before and after the endometrium). (1) The measurement section is the same as the measurement plane of the uterine longitudinal diameter. (2) The measurement position is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the uterus, and the maximum anteroposterior distance is measured. (3) The normal value is 4.3 ± 0.9 cm. Second, the ovaries: It is also necessary to measure three radial lines, longitudinal, transverse and anteroposterior. 1. The measured section is the same as the uterus measurement section, and the longitudinal diameter, the transverse diameter and the anteroposterior diameter are measured. When the ovary is not easily identifiable, the patient can be placed in a reclining position, and the ovary on the opposite side is scanned through the filling bladder and measured. 2. Measure the position through the largest diameter of the ovary. 3, the normal value due to ovarian size and age and other factors, the commonly used volume formula length × width × thickness / 2, normal should be less than 6ml. The size of the ovary of an adult woman is about 4 cm x 3 cm x 1 cm. 4. Observe and judge the presence or absence of follicular development and whether it is mature and ovulating. Clinical significance Abnormal results: Uterine fibroids, uterine body cancer, chorionic epithelial cancer, ovarian cysts, ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, ovarian mucinous cystadenoma, ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, benign ovarian solid tumor, ovarian malignant solid tumor. Need to check the crowd: Adult women are required to perform this check on a regular basis. Especially for postmenopausal women. Low results may be diseases: cervical leiomyoma, ovarian rupture, luteal insufficiency, luteal insufficiency, high results may be diseases: benign hydatidiform mole, dry blood stasis, cervical hypertrophy, uterine mediastinum, cervical sarcoma, uterus Thin endometrium, uterine contraction, uterine hypertrophy Preparation before inspection: Drink plenty of water before the test, do not urinate, so that the bladder is fully filled, so that the uterus and accessories are well displayed. Uterus and attachments Normal sonogram The longitudinal section of the uterus is located behind the bladder. The uterus is slightly flat before and after, with an inverted pear-like structure with a cone tip down. The uterus is a substantially homogeneous structure with a smooth outline, a uniform fine spot inside, and sometimes a uterine light band with strong reflection. Adult women have a uterus length of about 7 to 8 cm, a width of about 4 to 5 cm, and a wall thickness of 2 to 3 cm. A cervix of 2.5 to 3 cm can be seen under the uterus. The normal ovary is about 2.5 × 2 × 1 cm in size, which is a substantial image, and the internal echo is dim and evenly thin. Pathological sonogram Uterine fibroids, uterine body cancer, chorionic epithelial cancer, ovarian cysts, ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, ovarian mucinous cystadenoma, ovarian malignant solid tumor, ovarian benign parenchymal tumor. Requirements for inspection: Need to fill the bladder. Please drink 1000-1500 ml (or various drinks) 1-2 hours before coming to the hospital. Do not urinate after drinking water, so that the bladder is properly filled for inspection. Inspection process Drain the stool before the examination, so that there is no fecal block or tincture residue in the intestines. Drink 1000-1500 ml (or various beverages) for 1-2 hours before the hospital. Do not urinate after drinking water, so that the bladder is properly filled. Lying on the bed, the medical staff smeared the drug at the patient's examination site, examined it with a probe, visualized it on the display, and analyzed the structure. Not suitable for the crowd Generally do not adapt to the crowd. Adverse reactions and risks This test generally has no side effects on the human body.